Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31941818›Full record

ArticlemSphere2020

Influences of Ingredients and Bakers on the Bacteria and Fungi in Sourdough Starters and Bread.

Aspen T Reese, Anne A Madden, Marie Joossens, Guylaine Lacaze, Robert R Dunn

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mSphere, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Microbial ecology of fermented foods.FEMS yeast research · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Aspen T ReeseSociety of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9004-9470
Anne A MaddenDepartment of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Marie JoossensLaboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Guylaine LacazePuratos Center for Bread Flavour, Puratos Corporation, Vith, Belgium.
Robert R DunnDepartment of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA rrdunn@ncsu.edu.
Harvard University Press · USNorth Carolina State University · USPuratos (Belgium) · BERega Institute for Medical Research · BEUniversity of Copenhagen · DK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sourdough starters are naturally occurring microbial communities in which the environment, ingredients, and bakers are potential sources of microorganisms. The relative importance of these pools remains unknown. Here, bakers from two continents used a standardized recipe and ingredients to make starters that were then baked into breads. We characterized the fungi and bacteria associated with the starters, bakers' hands, and ingredients using 16S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and then measured dough acidity and bread flavor. Starter communities were much less uniform than expected, and this variation manifested in the flavor of the bread. Starter communities were most similar to those found in flour but shared some species with the bakers' skin. While humans likely contribute microorganisms to the starters, the reverse also appears to be true. This bidirectional exchange of microorganisms between starters and bakers highlights the importance of microbial diversity on bodies and in our environments as it relates to foods.

Indexed as

Food MicrobiologyMicrobiotaBacteriaBreadFermentationFungiHandHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSkinTasteLactobacillusSaccharomycesskin microbiomesourdough

Identifiers

PMID31941818
PMCPMC6968659
OpenAlexW3000564177

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.