ReviewGenes2020
Mitochondrial DNA: A Key Regulator of Anti-Microbial Innate Immunity.
Review in Genes, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Basophil Extracellular Traps in Immunity and Disease.Cancers · 2026Review
- Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Psychiatric Disorders: Current Evidence, Inflammation-Based Stratification, and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- From lipid overload to autophagy collapse: how lipid dysregulation drives chronic inflammation and metabolic disease.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Host mitochondrial DNA in bacterial pathogenesis: Friend, Foe, or Both?Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Mitochondria affect antibacterial immunity in cross talk with innate immune response molecules coded by genes of nuclear origin.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- NasalJournal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- ZNFX1 Functions as a Master Regulator of Epigenetically Induced Pathogen Mimicry and Inflammasome Signaling in Cancer.Cancer research · 2025Article
- Cytosolic nucleic acid sensing as driver of critical illness: mechanisms and advances in therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Circulating mitochondrial DNA promotes M2 polarization of tumor associated macrophages and HCC resistance to sorafenib.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- The role of gasdermin-mediated mitochondrial RNA release in amplifying secondary immune response during microbial infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- ZNFX1 is a Novel Master Regulator in Epigenetically-induced Pathogen Mimicry and Inflammasome Signaling in Cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mitophagy and cGAS-STING crosstalk in neuroinflammation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Mitochondrial DNA-Activated cGAS-STING Signaling in Environmental Dry Eye.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Mitochondrial Regulation of Macrophages in Innate Immunity and Diverse Roles of Macrophages During Cochlear Inflammation.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Review
- The Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential of Cell-Free DNA with a Special Focus on COVID-19 and Other Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Activation of the cGAS-STING innate immune response in cells with deficient mitochondrial topoisomerase TOP1MT.Human molecular genetics · 2023Article
- Borrelia burgdorferi Engages Mammalian Type I IFN Responses via the cGAS-STING Pathway.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Potential Therapeutic Value of the STING Inhibitors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- STING in tumors: a focus on non-innate immune pathways.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During the last few years, mitochondrial DNA has attained much attention as a modulator of immune responses. Due to common evolutionary origin, mitochondrial DNA shares various characteristic features with DNA of bacteria, as it consists of a remarkable number of unmethylated DNA as 2'-deoxyribose cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) islands. Due to this particular feature, mitochondrial DNA seems to be recognized as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern by the innate immune system. Under the normal physiological situation, mitochondrial DNA is enclosed in the double membrane structure of mitochondria. However, upon pathological conditions, it is usually released into the cytoplasm. Growing evidence suggests that this cytosolic mitochondrial DNA induces various innate immune signaling pathways involving NLRP3, toll-like receptor 9, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling, which participate in triggering downstream cascade and stimulating to produce effector molecules. Mitochondrial DNA is responsible for inflammatory diseases after stress and cellular damage. In addition, it is also involved in the anti-viral and anti-bacterial innate immunity. Thus, instead of entire mitochondrial importance in cellular metabolism and energy production, mitochondrial DNA seems to be essential in triggering innate anti-microbial immunity. Here, we describe existing knowledge on the involvement of mitochondrial DNA in the anti-microbial immunity by modulating the various immune signaling pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.