ReviewEuropean journal of pediatrics2020
Obstructive sleep apnea in developmental age. A narrative review.
Review in European journal of pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between mouth breathing and pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Sleep Apnea Detection Using EEG: A Systematic Review of Datasets, Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Pooled it
- Global research progress on obstructive sleep apnea in the field of radiological imaging: bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Sleep disordered breathing and neurobehavioral deficits in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Conceptual growth curves of oropharyngeal soft tissues and craniofacial skeletal structures: clinical implications for pediatric airway management.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Review
- Risk Factors, Symptom Burden, and Treatment Response in Pediatric REM-Predominant OSA: Evidence From the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Assessing subtle brain injury related to cognitive impairment in obese pediatric obstructive sleep apnea using 3D MRI texture analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Associations of Sleep Disordered Breathing and Neurodevelopment with Pre-Speech Function in 2-Month-Old Infants with Oral Cleft: A Feasibility Study.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Observational
- Multi-omics analysis of gut microbiota and metabolome reveals potential biomarkers in pediatric snoring.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and Mean Platelet Volume as Biomarkers in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Associations with Disease Severity and Sleep Parameters.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Cantù Syndrome: A Case Report With Orthodontic and Sleep Disorder Findings.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a diagnostic model for obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- [Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2026Review
- Correlation of malocclusion and mouth breathing rates from a novel monitor.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Body mass index mediates the association between children's dietary inflammatory index and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in children: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Advances in gut microbiota research among pediatric patients with sleep-disordered breathing.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Impact of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome severity on quality of life, anxiety disorders, and productivity in an active population.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea with head and neck posture, hyoid bone position and airway dimensions.European journal of orthodontics · 2025Article
- [Survey on sleep status and OSA-18 questionnaire among preschool children in Zhongshan City].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2025Article
- [Association Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Behavioral Problems in Children].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sleep is a physiological function that undergoes, at different stages of life, to considerable variations in neurophysiological and behavioral functions. The developmental age is a period characterized by a continuous process of physical and neuropsychological changes and synaptic remodeling processes that are the neurophysiological basis of brain plasticity, typical of this developmental phase, occurring mainly during sleep. In the description of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children, two main points should be highlighted: its variability in different age groups, and its specificity compared with OSA in adults. The definition and criteria used for the diagnosis of OSA in adults are not applicable to OSA in developmental age. Although the adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common risk factor for pediatric OSA, obesity is becoming an increasingly prevalent risk factor, mostly in early childhood (6-9 years) and adolescence. OSA has been shown to affect cognitive function in children and adults. However, OSA impact on cognitive function in children is more severe since acting on the plastic brain structures can change the neuro-psychic development, learning skills, and social interactions. There is a clear difference in the definition of pathology between developmental age and adulthood according to the instrumental parameters: an AHI ≥ 5, which represents, in the pediatric age, the cut-off for a therapeutic pathway necessary to avoid a long-term effect on the child, instead, it represents in adulthood, the lower limit value for the definition of disease. This is a narrative review concerning obstructive sleep apnea in developmental age.Conclusions: OSA is a common disorder in children and those at risk must be identified, studied, and treated promptly because untreated OSA can be responsible for cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive morbidities and may induce, sometimes, non-reversible deficits given his insistence on a period of physical and neuro-psychic development.What is Known:•This is a review concerning Obstructive Sleep Apnea in developmental age•Clinical manifestation, diagnostic and therapeutic criteria of sleep apnea in developmental ageWhat is New:•This is a "narrative" review•This narrative review describes sleep apnea comparing and analyzing the different ages of life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.