ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Fate Determination of ZnO in Commercial Foods and Human Intestinal Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of organ-on-chip devices and single particle ICP-MS for assessing dynamic in vitro bioavailability of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles from foodstuff.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Article
- Carvacrol@ZnO andMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Zinc oxide nanoparticles for skin wound healing: A systematic review from the perspective of disease types.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- ZnO NPs protect boar sperm in liquid storage through increasing the phosphorylation of PKAs.Animal reproduction · 2025Article
- Combination of Hydrolysable Tannins and Zinc Oxide on Enterocyte Functionality: In Vitro Insights.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Highly electroactive Co-ZnO/GO nanocomposite: Electrochemical sensing platform for oxytetracycline determination.Heliyon · 2024Article
- An Adverse Outcome Pathway for food nanomaterial-induced intestinal barrier disruption.Frontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
- Food Additive Solvents Increase the Dispersion, Solubility, and Cytotoxicity of ZnO Nanoparticles.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fabrication of PLA-Based Electrospun Nanofibers Reinforced with ZnO Nanoparticles andNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Influence of Dietary Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Broiler Zinc Uptake, Bone Quality, and Antioxidative Status.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Impact of in vitro digested zinc oxide nanoparticles on intestinal model systems.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2022Article
- Food Additive Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Dissolution, Interaction, Fate, Cytotoxicity, and Oral Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Importance of Zinc Nanoparticles for the Intestinal Microbiome of Weaned Piglets.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- In-vivo (International journal of nanomedicine · 2022Article
- Determination of Two Differently Manufactured Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles by Cloud Point Extraction Approach in Intestinal Cells, Intestinal Barriers and Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Biodegradable Antimicrobial Food Packaging: Trends and Perspectives.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- The Recent Progress in Nanotoxicology and Nanosafety from the Point of View of Both Toxicology and Ecotoxicology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
(1) Background: Zinc oxide (ZnO) particles are widely used as zinc (Zn) fortifiers, because Zn is essential for various cellular functions. Nanotechnology developments may lead to production of nano-sized ZnO, although nanoparticles (NPs) are not intended to be used as food additives. Current regulations do not specify the size distribution of NPs. Moreover, ZnO is easily dissolved into Zn ions under acidic conditions. However, the fate of ZnO in commercial foods or during intestinal transit is still poorly understood. (2) Methods: We established surfactant-based cloud point extraction (CPE) for ZnO NP detection as intact particle forms using pristine ZnO-NP-spiked powdered or liquid foods. The fate determination and dissolution characterization of ZnO were carried out in commercial foods and human intestinal cells using in vitro intestinal transport and ex vivo small intestine absorption models. (3) Results: The results demonstrated that the CPE can effectively separate ZnO particles and Zn ions in food matrices and cells. The major fate of ZnO in powdered foods was in particle form, in contrast to its ionic fate in liquid beverages. The fate of ZnO was closely related to the extent of its dissolution in food or biomatrices. ZnO NPs were internalized into cells in both particle and ion form, but dissolved into ions with time, probably forming a Zn-ligand complex. ZnO was transported through intestinal barriers and absorbed in the small intestine primarily as Zn ions, but a small amount of ZnO was absorbed as particles. (4) Conclusion: The fate of ZnO is highly dependent on food matrix type, showing particle and ionic fates in powdered foods and liquid beverages, respectively. The major intracellular and intestinal absorption fates of ZnO NPs were Zn ions, but a small portion of ZnO particle fate was also observed after intestinal transit. These findings suggest that the toxicity of ZnO is mainly related to the Zn ion, but potential toxicity resulting from ZnO particles cannot be completely excluded.
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Registered trials
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