Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31935928›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020

Prevalence, Trends, and Drivers of the Utilization of Unskilled Birth Attendants during Democratic Governance in Nigeria from 1999 to 2018.

Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Felicity F Trinh, Kedir Y Ahmed, Praween Senanayake, Abdon G Rwabilimbo, Noel E Uwaibi, Kingsley E Agho, Global Maternal And Child Health Research Collaboration GloMACH

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Spatial disparities and determinants of obstetric fistula among childbearing women in sub-Saharan Africa: A geospatial regression approach.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Article
  3. Frontiers in global women's health · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Felix Akpojene OgboTranslational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5159-2315
Felicity F TrinhNeeta City Medical Dental and Specialists Centre, Suite 1, Level 2/54 Smart St, Fairfield, NSW 2165, Australia.
Kedir Y AhmedTranslational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3797-5234
Praween SenanayakeTranslational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia.
Abdon G RwabilimboTranslational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9783-0937
Noel E UwaibiEdo University Iyamho, Kilometer 7 Auchi-Abuja Expressway, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria.
Kingsley E AghoTranslational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia.
Global Maternal And Child Health Research Collaboration GloMACH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Comprehensive epidemiological data on prevalence, trends, and determinants of the use of unskilled birth attendants (traditional birth attendants (TBAs) and other unskilled birth attendants) are essential to policy decision-makers and health practitioners, to guide efforts and resource allocation. This study investigated the prevalence, trends, and drivers of the utilization of unskilled birth attendants during democratic governance in Nigeria from 1999 to 2018. The study used the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys data for the years 1999 (n = 3552), 2003 (n = 6029), 2008 (n = 28,647), 2013 (n = 31,482), and 2018 (34,193). Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the association between socioeconomic, demographic, health-service, and community-level factors with the utilization of TBAs and other unskilled birth attendants in Nigeria. Between 1999 and 2018, the study showed that the prevalence of TBA-assisted delivery remained unchanged (20.7%; 95% CI: 18.0-23.7% in 1999 and 20.5%; 95% CI: 18.9-22.1% in 2018). The prevalence of other-unskilled-birth-attendant use declined significantly from 45.5% (95% CI: 41.1-49.7%) in 2003 to 36.2% (95% CI: 34.5-38.0%) in 2018. Higher parental education, maternal employment, belonging to rich households, higher maternal age (35-49 years), frequent antenatal care (ANC) (≥4) visits, the proximity of health facilities, and female autonomy in households were associated with lower odds of unskilled birth attendants' utilization. Rural residence, geopolitical region, lower maternal age (15-24 years), and higher birth interval (≥2 years) were associated with higher odds of unskilled-birth-attendant-assisted deliveries. Reducing births assisted by unskilled birth attendants in Nigeria would require prioritized and scaled-up maternal health efforts that target all women, especially those from low socioeconomic backgrounds, those who do not attend antenatal care, and/or those who reside in rural areas.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultDelivery, ObstetricFemaleGovernmentHealth FacilitiesHumansMiddle AgedMidwiferyNigeriaPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsPrenatal CarePrevalenceRural PopulationYoung Adulthome birthingmaternal healthNigeriaother unskilled birth attendantstraditional birth attendants

Identifiers

PMID31935928
PMCPMC6981726

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.