ArticleNutrients2020
Sexually Dimorphic Associations between Maternal Factors and Human Milk Hormonal Concentrations.
Article in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Human Milk Metabolic Hormones: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Alterations in Human Milk Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, and microRNAs in Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared With Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review and Network-Based Analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Review
- Pilot Study of Growth Factors in Colostrum: How Delivery Mode and Maternal Health Impact IGF-1, EGF, NGF, and TGF-β Levels in Polish Women.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Milk metabolite composition of a semi-captive population of Asian elephants.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Investigation of Relationships between Intakes of Human Milk Total Lipids and Metabolic Hormones and Infant Sex and Body Composition.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Colostral Appetite-Regulating Adipokines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Does human milk composition predict later risk of obesity? A systematic review.BMC nutrition · 2023Article
- Shaping infant development from the inside out: Bioactive factors in human milk.Seminars in perinatology · 2023Review
- Breast milk immune composition varies during the transition stage of lactation: characterization of immunotypes in the MAMI cohort.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Infant sex differences in human milk intake and composition from 1- to 3-month post-delivery in a healthy United States cohort.Annals of human biology · 2021Article
- Human Milk Metabolic Hormones: Analytical Methods and Current Understanding.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The need to study human milk as a biological system.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Preterm human milk: associations between perinatal factors and hormone concentrations throughout lactation.Pediatric research · 2021Article
- Do preterm girls need different nutrition to preterm boys? Sex-specific nutrition for the preterm infant.Pediatric research · 2021Review
- Metabolic Hormone Profiles in Breast Milk From Mothers of Moderate-Late Preterm Infants Are Associated With Growth From Birth to 4 Months in a Sex-Specific Manner.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- Exclusive Breastfeeding Predicts Higher Hearing-Language Development in Girls of Preschool Age.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Growth Factor Concentrations in Human Milk Are Associated With Infant Weight and BMI From Birth to 5 Years.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
While human milk composition is characterised by marked dynamicity, we are far from having a clear picture of what factors drive this variation. Hormones in human milk are known to vary according to specific maternal phenotypes, but limited evidence shows the infant also has a role in determining milk composition. The present study aimed to investigate the interplay between maternal and infant characteristics in relation to human milk hormonal profile. In total, 501 human milk samples from mothers recruited in the Finnish STEPS cohort study (Steps to the healthy development) were analysed. Pre-pregnancy and pregnancy maternal data, socioeconomic status and infant characteristics at birth were collated. Leptin, adiponectin, insulin-like growth factor-1 and cyclic Glycine-Proline in milk were measured. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and linear regression were utilised for statistical analysis. Sex-specific interactions with maternal factors were observed, as the infant sex mediated associations between gestational diabetes and milk adiponectin (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.