Trial reportHealth technology assessment (Winchester, England)2020
Group cognitive rehabilitation to reduce the psychological impact of multiple sclerosis on quality of life: the CRAMMS RCT.
Trial report in Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of pragmatic randomized trials in multiple sclerosis: A systematic overview.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Instruments measuring change in cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review.Brain and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- The cognitive remediation of attention in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): A meta-analysis and systematic review.F1000Research · 2023Pooled it
- Memory rehabilitation for people with multiple sclerosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Providing Emotional Support During the Process of Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis (PrEliMS): A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.Clinical rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Motor, cognitive, and combined rehabilitation approaches on MS patients' cognitive impairment.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Trial
- Measuring health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis: comparing the acceptability, validity and responsiveness of the EQ-5D-3L and MSIS-8D.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- A systematic review of economic evaluations of community-based healthcare interventions for neurodisability management.Health economics review · 2026Review
- Review
- What clinicians could consider in providing group interventions for people with cognitive impairments: a scoping review.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2024Article
- Quality of reporting health behaviors for multiple sclerosis (QuoRH-MS): A scoping review to inform intervention planning and improve consistency of reporting.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Understanding who benefits most from cognitive rehabilitation for multiple sclerosis: A secondary data analysis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- Strengthening Mental Abilities with Relational Training (SMART) in multiple sclerosis (MS): study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2022Article
- Neuropsychological evaluation and rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis (NEuRoMS): protocol for a mixed-methods, multicentre feasibility randomised controlled trial.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2022Article
- Focus on neglected features of cognitive rehabilitation in MS: Setting and mode of the treatment.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Article
- Occupational Therapy Interventions in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The impact of cognitive rehabilitation on quality of life in multiple sclerosis: A pilot study.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople with multiple sclerosis have problems with memory and attention. The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation has not been established.
objectivesThe objectives were to assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a cognitive rehabilitation programme for people with multiple sclerosis.
designThis was a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in which participants were randomised in a ratio of 6 : 5 to receive cognitive rehabilitation plus usual care or usual care alone. Participants were assessed at 6 and 12 months after randomisation.
settingThe trial was set in hospital neurology clinics and community services.
participantsParticipants were people with multiple sclerosis who had cognitive problems, were aged 18-69 years, could travel to attend group sessions and gave informed consent.
interventionThe intervention was a group cognitive rehabilitation programme delivered weekly by an assistant psychologist to between four and six participants for 10 weeks.
main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale - Psychological subscale at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included results from the Everyday Memory Questionnaire, the 30-Item General Health Questionnaire, the EuroQol-5 Dimensions, five-level version and a service use questionnaire from participants, and the Everyday Memory Questionnaire - relative version and the Modified Carer Strain Index from a relative or friend of the participant.
resultsOf the 449 participants randomised, 245 were allocated to cognitive rehabilitation (intervention group) and 204 were allocated to usual care (control group). Of these, 214 in the intervention group and 173 in the control group were included in the primary analysis. There was no clinically important difference in the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale - Psychological subscale score between the two groups at the 12-month follow-up (adjusted difference in means -0.6, 95% confidence interval -1.5 to 0.3; LIMITATIONS: The trial included a sample of participants who had relatively severe cognitive problems in daily life. The trial was not powered to perform subgroup analyses. Participants could not be blinded to treatment allocation.
conclusionsThis cognitive rehabilitation programme had no long-term benefits on quality of life for people with multiple sclerosis. FUTURE WORK: Future research should evaluate the selection of those who may benefit from cognitive rehabilitation.
trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN09697576.
fundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.