ReviewInternational journal of vascular medicine2019
The Relationship between Military Combat and Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in International journal of vascular medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tools for measuring client experiences and satisfaction with healthcare in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of measurement properties.BMC health services research · 2023Pooled it
- Association between non-acute Traumatic Injury (TI) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Shenxiang Suhe Pill on coronary heart disease complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A case-control study.Medicine · 2022Trial
- Associations between older adults' attitudes to ageing, mental health, and quality of life: a systematic review.European journal of ageing · 2026Review
- Traumatic Brain Injury and High Combat Exposure Pose Additive Risk for Specific Chronic Health Conditions in Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program Enrollees.Journal of neurotrauma · 2026Article
- Associations of Employment Factors With Cardiovascular Disease in a National Sample of US Firefighters: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2026Article
- Understanding long-term physical and psychosocial outcomes from conflict to rehabilitation through the ADVANCE cohort.Communications medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Dietary intake characteristics in older adults: A systematic review of physical, social, psychological, and behavioral limitations.JAR life · 2026Article
- Relationship between combat-related traumatic injury and ultrashort term heart rate variability in a UK military cohort: findings from the ADVANCE study.BMJ military health · 2024Article
- Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of Linear and Nonlinear Measures of Short-Term Heart Rate Variability Following Combat-Related Traumatic Injury.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2024Article
- Article
- Relationship between combat-related traumatic injury and its severity to predicted cardiovascular disease risk: ADVANCE cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Long-term risk of cardiovascular disease after traumatic brain injury: screening and prevention.The Lancet. Neurology · 2023Review
- Association between combat-related traumatic injury and cardiovascular risk.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2022Observational
- Association between non-acute traumatic injury (TI) and heart rate variability (HRV) in adults: A systematic review protocol.PloS one · 2022Article
- The Enduring Health Consequences of Combat Trauma: a Legacy of Chronic Disease.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Article
- Telomere Shortening and Accelerated Aging in US Military Veterans.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Dietary Intake and Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels in US Military Veterans.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Tactical Circuit Training Improves Blood Pressure and Vascular Health More Than Resistance Training.International journal of exercise science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death among military veterans with several reports suggesting a link between combat and related traumatic injury (TI) to an increased CVD risk. The aim of this paper is to conduct a widespread systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between military combat ± TI to CVD and its associated risk factors.
methodsPubMed, EmbaseProQuest, Cinahl databases and Cochrane Reviews were examined for all published observational studies (any language) reporting on CVD risk and outcomes, following military combat exposure ± TI versus a comparative nonexposed control population. Two investigators independently extracted data. Data quality was rated and rated using the 20-item AXIS Critical Appraisal Tool. The risk of bias (ROB using the ROBANS 6 item tool) and strength of evidence (SOE) were also critically appraised.
resultsFrom 4499 citations, 26 studies (14 cross sectional and 12 cohort; 78-100% male) met the inclusion criteria. The follow up period ranged from 1 to 43.6 years with a sample size ranging from 19 to 621901 participants in the combat group. Combat-related TI was associated with a significantly increased risk for CVD (RR 1.80: 95% CI 1.24-2.62;
conclusionThere is low SOE to support a link between combat-related TI and both cardiovascular and CHD-related mortality. There is insufficient evidence to support a positive association between military combat ± any other adverse cardiovascular outcomes or risk factors. Data from well conducted prospective cohort studies following combat are needed.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.