ArticleBritish journal of cancer2020
Anti-VEGF therapy resistance in ovarian cancer is caused by GM-CSF-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Durvalumab and cediranib with and without olaparib in recurrent ovarian cancer: a phase II proof-of-concept study.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- The Promoting Angiogenesis and Its Clinical Significance of CD33Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Article
- The role of cytokines in ovarian cancer drug resistance.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Pan-Cancer Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Refines Multi-Origin Monocyte and Macrophage Lineages.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Advances in Phase III Clinical Trials and Future Challenges of Targeted Therapy in Advanced Ovarian Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- Targeting angiogenesis: advances in the design and engineered applications of nanobodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Role of the tumor microenvironment in chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer and targeted therapy.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Review
- Phase II proof-of-concept study of durvalumab and cediranib with and without olaparib in recurrent ovarian cancer.Research square · 2025Article
- Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells; mechanisms, functional significance, and targeting in cancer therapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Bioengineered Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vehicles Suppressed Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis and Bevacizumab Resistance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Targeted Therapeutic Innovations.MedComm · 2025Review
- The complement system and kidney cancer: pathogenesis to clinical applications.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Immunomodulation on tumor immune microenvironment in acquired targeted therapy resistance and implication for immunotherapy resistance.Translational oncology · 2025Review
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment and their targeting in cancer therapy.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Bevacizumab in ovarian cancer therapy: current advances, clinical challenges, and emerging strategies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- "Brake" and "accelerator": revisiting tumor cell direct responses and the paradox of aggression in anti-VEGF therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- [Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as important factors and potential targets for breast cancer progression].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2024Review
- Nanotechnology for boosting ovarian cancer immunotherapy.Journal of ovarian research · 2024Review
- Review
- Ecological and evolutionary dynamics to design and improve ovarian cancer treatment.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe mechanism of resistance development to anti-VEGF therapy in ovarian cancer is unclear. We focused on the changes in tumour immunity post anti-VEGF therapy.
methodsThe frequencies of immune cell populations and hypoxic conditions in the resistant murine tumours and clinical samples were examined. The expression profiles of both the proteins and genes in the resistant tumours were analysed. The impact of granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression on myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) function in the resistant tumours was evaluated.
resultsWe found a marked increase and reduction in the number of Gr-1 + MDSCs and CD8 + lymphocytes in the resistant tumour, and the MDSCs preferentially infiltrated the hypoxic region. Protein array analysis showed upregulation of GM-CSF post anti-VEGF therapy. GM-CSF promoted migration and differentiation of MDSCs, which inhibited the CD8 + lymphocyte proliferation. Anti-GM-CSF therapy improved the anti-VEGF therapy efficacy, which reduced the infiltrating MDSCs and increased CD8 + lymphocytes. In immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples, GM-CSF expression and MDSC infiltration was enhanced in the bevacizumab-resistant case.
conclusionsThe anti-VEGF therapy induces tumour hypoxia and GM-CSF expression, which recruits MDSCs and inhibits tumour immunity. Targeting the GM-CSF could help overcome the anti-VEGF therapy resistance in ovarian cancers.
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