ArticleBMC research notes2020
Comparison of acridine orange fluorescent microscopy and gram stain light microscopy for the rapid detection of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid.
Article in BMC research notes, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacteriocin-Mediated Silver Nanoconjugate: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application as an Antibiofilm Agent Against Two Common Pathogenic Bacteria.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Characterization of meningitis-causing bacteria, with focus on genomic and pangenomic study of multi-drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae from cerebrospinal fluid.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2024Article
- New and old lessons from a devastating case of neonatal E coli meningitis.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Fc-MBL-modified FeMikrochimica acta · 2022Article
- The Anthelmintic Quassinoids Ailanthone and Bruceine a Induce Infertility in the Model OrganismMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Meningococcal Carriage among Household Contacts of Patients with Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Kathmandu, Nepal: A Longitudinal Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Detection ofInfectious disease reports · 2021Article
- A Novel Improved Gram Staining Method Based on the Capillary Tube.Polish journal of microbiology · 2020Article
- Effect of augmented renal clearance on the therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin in patients after neurosurgery.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveBacterial meningitis is a life threatening condition that requires prompt recognition and treatment. Currently, Gram stain is widely used for the microscopic detection of bacterial pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In Nepal, fluorescent microscopes have been installed in laboratories as a part of the National tuberculosis control program. However, information on the utility of the acridine orange (AO) stain for the direct detection of bacteria in CSF samples in Nepal is not available. Therefore, this study aims to compare Gram stain and AO stain for the rapid detection of bacterial pathogens in CSF of clinically suspected meningitis cases in Kathmandu, Nepal.
resultsBacterial pathogens were detected in 9.30% (36/387) by either of the three tests, 9.04% (35/387) by AO stain, 8.27% (32/387) by culture and 6.46% (25/387) by Gram's stain. Considering culture as a gold standard, the sensitivity of AO stain was higher than Gram stain. The specificity of AO stain was 98.87%. Detection and differentiation of the bacteria was much clear in AO staining than Gram staining. AO is a better alternative to Gram stain in the rapid detection of bacterial pathogens in CSF in the setting where fluorescent microscope is available.
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Registered trials
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