ArticleEMBO molecular medicine2020
Macrophages induce malignant traits in mammary epithelium via IKKε/TBK1 kinases and the serine biosynthesis pathway.
Article in EMBO molecular medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal associations between blood metabolites and breast cancer.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- The Microenvironment in DCIS and Its Role in Disease Progression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Serine Metabolic Reprogramming in Tumorigenesis, Tumor Immunity, and Clinical Treatment.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Current Landscape: The Mechanism and Therapeutic Impact of Obesity for Breast Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Acute TBK1/IKK-ε Inhibition Enhances the Generation of Disease-Associated Microglia-Like Phenotype Upon Cortical Stab-Wound Injury.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- The breast cancer oncogene IKKε coordinates mitochondrial function and serine metabolism.EMBO reports · 2020Article
- The Specific IKKε/TBK1 Inhibitor Amlexanox Suppresses Human Melanoma by the Inhibition of Autophagy, NF-κB and MAP Kinase Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Macrophages induce malignant traits in mammary epithelium via IKKε/TBK1 kinases and the serine biosynthesis pathway.EMBO molecular medicine · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
During obesity, macrophages infiltrate the breast tissue leading to low-grade chronic inflammation, a factor considered responsible for the higher risk of breast cancer associated with obesity. Here, we formally demonstrate that breast epithelial cells acquire malignant properties when exposed to medium conditioned by macrophages derived from human healthy donors. These effects were mediated by the breast cancer oncogene IKKε and its downstream target-the serine biosynthesis pathway as demonstrated by genetic or pharmacological tools. Furthermore, amlexanox, an FDA-approved drug targeting IKKε and its homologue TBK1, delayed in vivo tumour formation in a combined genetic mouse model of breast cancer and high-fat diet-induced obesity/inflammation. Finally, in human breast cancer tissues, we validated the link between inflammation-IKKε and alteration of cellular metabolism. Altogether, we identified a pathway connecting obesity-driven inflammation to breast cancer and a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce the risk of breast cancer associated with obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.