ReviewInternational journal of biological macromolecules2020
Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of shark variable new antigen receptor (VNAR) single domain antibody.
Review in International journal of biological macromolecules, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- ANARCII enables alignment-free antigen receptor numbering using a generalised language model.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Theranostic vNAR-Based Immunoconjugates Achieve Selective Intracellular Cisplatin Delivery in Embedded 3D HER2-Positive Breast Cancer In Vitro Model.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A MET-Targeted Variable New Antigen Receptor (VNAR) Theranostic for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Electron transfer-driven nanozymes integrated "colorimetric-photothermal" nanobody-immunosensing for tropomyosin inspection.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Construction of an Enhanced Phage Display Library of Artificially Randomized vNARs from Cloudy Catshark (Scyliorhinus Torazame) and Screening against Miamiensis Avidus.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Nanobodies in biomedicine: from molecular characteristics to fabrication and clinical translation.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Generation of shark single-domain antibodies as an aid for Cryo-EM structure determination of membrane proteins: Use hyaluronan synthase as an example.Journal of structural biology: X · 2025Article
- Isolation and Characterization of the First Antigen-Specific EGFRvIII vNAR from Freshwater Stingray (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- VNAR: shark single-domain antibodies for the new era of medical biotechnology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Safety Assessment of Camelid-Derived Single-Domain Antibody as Feed Additive for Juvenile Whiteleg Shrimp (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Transitions in Immunoassay Leading to Next-Generation Lateral Flow Assays and Future Prospects.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- VHH Nanobody Versatility against Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Osteoarthritis versus psoriasis arthritis: Physiopathology, cellular signaling, and therapeutic strategies.Genes & diseases · 2024Review
- vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Chimeric Protein Switch Biosensors.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2024Review
- Design and Construction of Antibody Fusion Proteins Incorporating Variable New Antigen Receptor (VNAR) Domains.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Novel Approach for Obtaining Variable Domain of New Antigen Receptor with Different Physicochemical Properties from Japanese Topeshark (Marine drugs · 2023Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Targeting-HBsAg VNAR Single Domain Antibodies from Whitespotted Bamboo Sharks (Marine drugs · 2023Article
- Chimeric Peptides fromToxins · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Conventional monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been widely used in research and diagnostic applications due to their high affinity and specificity. However, multiple limitations, such as large size, complex structure and sensitivity to extreme ambient temperature potentially weaken the performance of mAbs in certain applications. To address this problem, the exploration of new antigen binders is extensively required in relation to improve the quality of current diagnostic platforms. In recent years, a new immunoglobulin-based protein, namely variable domain of new antigen receptor (VNAR) was discovered in sharks. Unlike conventional mAbs, several advantages of VNARs, include small size, better thermostability and peculiar paratope structure have attracted interest of researchers to further explore on it. This article aims to first present an overview of the shark VNARs and outline the characteristics as an outstanding new reagent for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.