ArticleBMC neurology2020
Pain in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy - a cross-sectional register study of 3545 individuals.
Article in BMC neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pain in adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Pain coping tools for children and young adults with a neurodevelopmental disability: A systematic review of measurement properties.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Mental health difficulties in cerebral palsy: A qualitative study of young people's and parents' perspectives.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Article
- Assessment of trunk movement and posture in spastic and dyskinetic cerebral palsy: A scoping review.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Article
- The Impact of 40 Years of Data Collection: The Victoria Cerebral Palsy Register.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The prevalence of mental health difficulties and mental disorders among children with cerebral palsy.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Ankle Exoskeleton Assistance Reduces Knee Contact Force During Walking in Individuals With Cerebral Palsy.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2026Article
- The comprehensibility and feasibility of the modified brief pain inventory and fear of pain questionnaire adapted for children and young people with cerebral palsy.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Health-Related Quality of Life of Individuals with Physical Disabilities in Childhood.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Transition and Life-Long Care for Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Patient Group 'Too Hard to Impact!' Are We Still Sending Young People 'Off a Cliff'?Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2025Article
- Quantitative sensory testing for assessment of somatosensory function in children and adolescents: a scoping review.Pain reports · 2024Article
- Foot and lower leg pain in children and adults with cerebral palsy: a population-based register study on 5,122 individuals.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Population- and individual-level trajectories of opioid prescription patterns among adults with cerebral palsy: a retrospective cohort study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2023Article
- Incidence and risk factors for care-related pain in children with physical disabilities.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2023Observational
- The Relationship between Pain and Spasticity and Tell-Tale Signs of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy.Toxins · 2023Article
- Spasticity-related pain in children/adolescents with cerebral palsy. Part 2: IncobotulinumtoxinA efficacy results from a pooled analysis.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine · 2023Article
- Participation in everyday life for young people with chronic pain in Saudi Arabia: "you feel lacking in life and you feel that time is flying by".Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2023Article
- Daytime contacts and general practitioner consultations, and pain as a reason for encounter in children with cerebral palsy; a Norwegian national registry linkage study.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2022Article
- Presence and predictors of pain after orthopedic surgery and associated orthopedic outcomes in children with cerebral palsy.Paediatric & neonatal pain · 2022Article
- Spasticity-related pain in children/adolescents with cerebral palsy. Part 1: Prevalence and clinical characteristics from a pooled analysis.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPain is a common problem for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). In Sweden, 95% of children and adolescents with CP are followed in a national follow-up programme (CPUP), which includes data on pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pain based on age, sex, gross motor function and source of report (self or proxy). Pain intensity, pain site, and how much pain disturbed sleep and daily activities were also studied.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional register study based on all participants in CPUP, 4-18-years of age, with data reported in 2017-2018. Gross motor function was classified using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Logistic regression was used to analyse prevalence of pain and how much pain had disturbed sleep and daily activities in the last four weeks.
resultsIn total, 3545 participants (2065 boys) were included. The overall prevalence of pain was 44%. Older age and female sex were associated with higher risk of pain with odds ratios of 1.07 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.09) and 1.28 (CI 1.12-1.47), respectively. Pain was most common in the lower extremities. There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence of pain related to source of report. Pain intensity was higher at older ages and higher GMFCS-levels. Hip/thigh pain and abdominal pain were associated with the most intense pain. Of those who reported pain, pain disturbed sleep for 36% and daily activities for 61%.
conclusionsBoth pain frequency and pain intensity were higher at higher age. Pain intensity increased with increasing GMFCS-level. Two-thirds of all children and adolescents with CP reported that their pain disturbed their daily activities, and one-third reported that pain disturbed their sleep.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.