Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31925674›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of behavioral medicine2020

Family Rejection and Cigarette Smoking Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents in the USA.

Kristi E Gamarel, Ryan J Watson, Raha Mouzoon, Christopher W Wheldon, Jessica N Fish, Nancy L Fleischer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of behavioral medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Profiles of parental response, intersectional microaggressions, and mental health problems among sexual and gender minority youth of color.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Barriers to health care access among transgender people in Kerala.International journal for equity in health · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Heterogeneity in Protective Factors as a Buffer for Unique Risk Factors and Daily Smoking Among Transgender Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Perspectives of Sexual and Gender Minority Youth on Anti-Vaping Messages in Social Media.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. The Association of Stigma, School, and Family Factors with Patterns of Substance Use Among LGBTQ Youth.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Associations of Sexual Orientation-Related Minority and Military Stressors With Past-Year Cigarette Use Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Veterans.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. A latent profile analysis of perceived family reactions to youth LGBTQ identity.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2023
    Article
  18. A Qualitative Examination of Tobacco Use and Smoking Cessation Among Gender Minority Adults.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2023
    Article
  19. Smoking Cessation Among Gender Minority Populations, Cis-women, and Cis-men: Findings From the International Tobacco Control Netherlands Survey.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Article
  20. Measurement equivalence of family acceptance/rejection among sexual and gender minority youth by disclosure status.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kristi E GamarelDepartment of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. kgamarel@umich.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-7515
Ryan J WatsonDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Raha MouzoonDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Christopher W WheldonDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jessica N FishDepartment of Family Science, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA.
Nancy L FleischerDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Funding

Scientific/Technical CoreP2CHD041028 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Brady T West · 2017 to 2026
$6.5M
Training Program for Scientists Conducting Research to Reduce HIV Health DisparitR25MH067127 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Emily A Arnold, Torsten Brian Neilands · 2003 to 2026
$5.4M
Increasing Effective Mental Health Care for LGBT ClientsU48DP006382 · DP · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI BOEKELOO, BRADLEY O · 2018 to 2023
$4.2M
The Impact of Tobacco Control Policies on Health Equity in the United States - MERIT ExtensionR37CA214787 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FLEISCHER, NANCY · 2018 to 2024
$4.2M
Sci-Tech Core-Maryland Population Research CenterP2CHD041041 · NICHD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI Susan W Parker · 2018 to 2026
$3.9M
PrEP and substance use among sexual minority young adultsK01DA047918 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS · PI WATSON, RYAN J · 2019 to 2023
$952k
Brief couples-based alcohol intervention for HIV-infected MSM and their primary partnersR34AA024703 · NIAAA · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI GAMAREL, KRISTI E, KAHLER, CHRISTOPHER W. · 2018 to 2020
$707k
SGM Youth Substance Use: Subgroup Differences, Risk, and Protective FactorsR03DA046827 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS · PI FISH, JESSICA N., WATSON, RYAN J · 2019 to 2020
$182k
NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48 DP006382NCI NIH HHS R37 CA214787NCI NIH HHS R37CA214787NIAAA NIH HHS R34 AA024703NICHD NIH HHS L30 HD098047NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD041028NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD041041NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA047918NIDA NIH HHS R03 DA046827NIMH NIH HHS R25 MH067127
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents are more likely than their heterosexual and cisgender peers to smoke cigarettes. Family rejection has been associated with adverse health outcomes; however, few studies have examined whether SGM-specific family rejection is associated with cigarette smoking among SGM adolescents.

methodA non-probability sample of 11,005 SGM adolescents (M = 15.58, SD = 1.27) completed an online cross-sectional survey. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to examine associations between SGM-specific family rejection, sociodemographic variables, and smoking.

resultsApproximately 7% of the sample currently smoked cigarettes. Pansexual, asexual, trans boys, and non-binary assigned female at birth adolescents had the highest SGM family rejection scores. In multivariable regression analyses, SGM-specific family rejection was independently associated with smoking after adjusting for covariates (AOR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.04, 1.28). Family support (AOR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.73, 0.88) and experiencing violence (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.49, 1.82) were also associated with smoking in multivariable models. Adolescents who identified as bisexual versus gay/lesbian (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.21, 1.85) and trans boys versus cisgender girls (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.13, 3.71) had an increased odds of smoking. Those who disclosed their sexual orientation identity to most (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.45, 2.63) and all (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.21, 2.11) of their family/parents had increased odds of smoking.

conclusionOur findings underscore the importance of attending to the role of SGM-specific family rejection and distinctions with SGM adolescents in tobacco prevention and smoking cessation efforts.

Indexed as

AdolescentCigarette SmokingCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGender IdentityHeterosexualityHumansMaleSexual and Gender MinoritiesSexual BehaviorUnited StatesAdolescentsFamily rejectionSexual and gender minoritiesSmoking

Identifiers

PMID31925674
PMCPMC7124998

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.