ReviewTargeted oncology2020
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Pancreatic Injury: Imaging Findings and Literature Review.
Review in Targeted oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic adverse events.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Review
- Type 3 Autoimmune Pancreatitis: What Do We Know So Far?Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- Hepatic and Pancreatobiliary Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Multidisciplinary Approach.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Computed tomography-based conventional imaging features and texture analysis characteristics of chemotherapy drug-related acute pancreatitis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and prognosis of pancreatitis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Pancreas-specific immune-related adverse events in patients with lung cancer: a case series study.Immunotherapy · 2024Article
- Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis: From Pathogenesis to Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Adverse Effects of Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Imaging-Oriented Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Acute pancreatitis following COVID-19 vaccine: A case report and brief literature review.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors-related pancreatitis with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus: case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Synergetic Thermal Therapy for Cancer: State-of-the-Art and the Future.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Pancreatic Adverse Events Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Large-Scale Pharmacovigilance Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Pancreatic injury following immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- The diagnosis of immune-related pancreatitis disguised as multifocal lesions on MRI by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy: A case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- PD-1/PDL1 Blockade Exacerbates Pancreatic Damage and Immune Response in a Mouse Model of Acute Pancreatitis.Inflammation · 2021Article
- Immunotherapy-Related Imaging Findings in Patients with Gynecological Malignancies: What Radiologists Need to Know.Korean journal of radiology · 2021Review
- Clinical-radiological characteristics and intestinal microbiota in patients with pancreatic immune-related adverse events.Thoracic cancer · 2021Article
- Noninvasive, longitudinal imaging-based analysis of body adipose tissue and water composition in a melanoma mouse model and in immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated metastatic melanoma patients.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Gastrointestinal adverse events of immunotherapy.BJR open · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The immunotherapy revolution in cancer treatment involves a variety of specialists, not only oncologists, but also internal medicine physicians, endocrinologists, dermatologists, gastroenterologists, rheumatologists, and radiologists, introducing new scenarios and novel challenges in the diagnosis and management of a number of novel immune-related adverse events. Among these, immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced pancreatic injury has been described (occurring in up to 4% of patients) and has been reported to be responsible for visits to the emergency departments in up to 1.9% of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. This side effect can be symptomatic or non-symptomatic, and can be associated with the development of long-term damage to the pancreas, requiring the involvement of different specialists, including radiologists and gastroenterologists in the multidisciplinary team that manages these patients. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a summary of the available literature related to immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced pancreatic injury including the epidemiology, the clinical findings, and the management algorithm for diagnosis with a detailed analysis of the differential diagnosis at imaging, and treatment. A more in-depth focus is dedicated to symptomatic acute pancreatitis with its peculiar findings at imaging (ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.