Trial reportLeukemia2020
A randomised phase II trial of hydroxychloroquine and imatinib versus imatinib alone for patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia in major cytogenetic response with residual disease.
Trial report in Leukemia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04394416 (Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial on the Safety and Efficacy of Imatinib for Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19), which is not on this map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial on the Safety and Efficacy of Imatinib for Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine from randomized controlled trials on malarial and non-malarial conditions.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Safety of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 and other diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 53 randomized trials.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Autophagy modulation in cancer.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Inhibition of PGK1 enhances sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitor in T315I-mutant leukemia.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Hsp70-Bim interaction mediated mitophagy as a potential therapeutic target for CML stem cells.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Lipid Storage and Therapy Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: A Novel Perspective on Targeting Metabolic Vulnerabilities.Cancers · 2025Review
- An overview of autophagy inhibition as a potential clinical strategy in cancer therapy.Molecular pharmacology · 2025Review
- Spatio-temporal processes in autophagosome-lysosome fusion.Medical review (2021) · 2025Review
- Safety of Hydroxychloroquine: What a Dermatologist Should Know.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2025Review
- Review
- Targeting autophagy in platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer: randomized phase II trial of hydroxychloroquine with chemotherapy with biomarker correlation.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Current Understanding of the Role of Autophagy in the Treatment of Myeloid Leukemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Ubiquitination regulates autophagy in cancer: simple modifications, promising targets.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Is Autophagy Targeting a Valid Adjuvant Strategy in Conjunction with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors?Cancers · 2024Review
- Article
- Chloroquine and Chemotherapeutic Compounds in Experimental Cancer Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pharmacology Progresses and Applications of Chloroquine in Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Chloroquine Intervenes Nephrotoxicity of Nilotinib through Deubiquitinase USP13-Mediated Stabilization of Bcl-XL.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Targeting PP2A-dependent autophagy enhances sensitivity to ruxolitinib in JAK2Blood cancer journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
23 authors at 13 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (CP-CML), residual BCR-ABL1+ leukaemia stem cells are responsible for disease persistence despite TKI. Based on in vitro data, CHOICES (CHlorOquine and Imatinib Combination to Eliminate Stem cells) was an international, randomised phase II trial designed to study the safety and efficacy of imatinib (IM) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) compared with IM alone in CP-CML patients in major cytogenetic remission with residual disease detectable by qPCR. Sixty-two patients were randomly assigned to either arm. Treatment 'successes' was the primary end point, defined as ≥0.5 log reduction in 12-month qPCR level from trial entry. Selected secondary study end points were 24-month treatment 'successes', molecular response and progression at 12 and 24 months, comparison of IM levels, and achievement of blood HCQ levels >2000 ng/ml. At 12 months, there was no difference in 'success' rate (p = 0.58); MMR was achieved in 80% (IM) vs 92% (IM/HCQ) (p = 0.21). At 24 months, the 'success' rate was 20.8% higher with IM/HCQ (p = 0.059). No patients progressed. Seventeen serious adverse events, including four serious adverse reactions, were reported; diarrhoea occurred more frequently with combination. IM/HCQ is tolerable in CP-CML, with modest improvement in qPCR levels at 12 and 24 months, suggesting autophagy inhibition maybe of clinical value in CP-CML.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.