ArticleCell2020
Enteric Nervous System-Derived IL-18 Orchestrates Mucosal Barrier Immunity.
Article in Cell, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 107 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone targeted microenvironment actuated engineered exosomes for precision therapy of IBD associated bone loss.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- The NLRP3 inflammasome as a dynamic context-dependent regulator: mechanisms, disease progression, and therapeutic implications.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Inflammasomes in digestive diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Functional role of the enteric nervous system in poultry intestinal health and production.Poultry science · 2026Review
- The Roles of Interleukin-18 in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Enteric nervous system in exercise physiology: a microbiota-neural interface.npj metabolic health and disease · 2026Review
- Article
- IL-18 promotes pancreatic fibrosis via release of IL-4 from pancreatic stellate cells and induces macrophage M2 polarization.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Purinergic signaling in the gut neuro-glial-immune axis: mechanisms of homeostasis, inflammation, and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Frontiers in gastroenterology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Lymphocyte homing disorder: a concealed driver of intestinal immune collapse in sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with antiviral, neuroimmune, and cardiometabolic proteomic profiles in people with HIV.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- From mucus secretion to immune surveillance: the evolving roles of goblet cells in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Connection and communication between the nervous and immune systems.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- An Integrated Single-Cell Atlas of the Mouse Ileum Links Nutrient Metabolism with Epithelial and Immune Crosstalk.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Optogenetics-integrated gut organ culture system connects enteric neurons dynamics and gut homeostasis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Damage-induced IL-18 stimulates thymic NK cells limiting endogenous tissue regeneration.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Bidirectional regulation of the brain-gut-microbiota axis following traumatic brain injury.Neural regeneration research · 2025Article
- Causal effects of brain subregion gene expression on inflammatory bowel diseases revealed by Mendelian randomization and single cell analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Gene-environment interactions shape the host-microbial interface in inflammatory bowel disease.Nature immunology · 2025Review
- Orchestration of Gut-Liver-Associated Transcription Factors in MAFLD: From Cross-Organ Interactions to Therapeutic Innovation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
26 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mucosal barrier immunity is essential for the maintenance of the commensal microflora and combating invasive bacterial infection. Although immune and epithelial cells are thought to be the canonical orchestrators of this complex equilibrium, here, we show that the enteric nervous system (ENS) plays an essential and non-redundant role in governing the antimicrobial protein (AMP) response. Using confocal microscopy and single-molecule fluorescence in situ mRNA hybridization (smFISH) studies, we observed that intestinal neurons produce the pleiotropic cytokine IL-18. Strikingly, deletion of IL-18 from the enteric neurons alone, but not immune or epithelial cells, rendered mice susceptible to invasive Salmonella typhimurium (S.t.) infection. Mechanistically, unbiased RNA sequencing and single-cell sequencing revealed that enteric neuronal IL-18 is specifically required for homeostatic goblet cell AMP production. Together, we show that neuron-derived IL-18 signaling controls tissue-wide intestinal immunity and has profound consequences on the mucosal barrier and invasive bacterial killing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.