ArticlePloS one2020
Control of the microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae in honey bees (Apis mellifera) using nutraceutical and immuno-stimulatory compounds.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nosemosis negatively affects honeybee survival: experimental and meta-analytic evidence.Parasitology · 2024Pooled it
- Glucosinolate-Rich Floral Extracts Hinder Nosema (= Vairimorpha) ceranae Infection in Caged Apis mellifera Workers.Journal of chemical ecology · 2026Article
- Extracts From Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) Peel via Microwave-Assisted and Conventional Extractions: Evaluation of Nosema Infection and Toxicity in Honey Bees.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Effect of Baicalin on the Proliferation ofInsects · 2026Article
- Exploring Eco-Friendly Microbial Strategies for Nosemosis Control in Honeybee.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The in vitro potential of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma against Nosema ceranae infection in honeybees (Apis mellifera).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Liposome-based RNAi delivery in honeybee for inhibiting parasiteSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2024Article
- Biological control of nosemosis in Apis mellifera L. with Acacia nilotica extract.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Functional Properties of Some Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains for Probiotic Applications in Apiculture.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Potential of Wormwood and Oak Bark-Based Supplement in Health Improvement ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- In Vivo Inhibitory Assessment of Potential Antifungal Agents onPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Insights into the Role of Natural Products in the Control of the Honey Bee Gut Parasite (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Natural Substances, Probiotics, and Synthetic Agents in the Treatment and Prevention of Honeybee Nosemosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- High-throughput small molecule screen identifies inhibitors of microsporidia invasion and proliferation in C. elegans.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Effect of amide protoporphyrin derivatives on immune response in Apis mellifera.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Use of Thymol inInsects · 2022Article
- Recent Advances in the Biocontrol of Nosemosis in Honey Bees (Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- The Role ofVeterinary sciences · 2022Review
- Glucosinolate Bioactivation byBiomolecules · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nosema ceranae is a microsporidian parasite that causes nosemosis in the honey bee (Apis mellifera). As alternatives to the antibiotic fumagillin, ten nutraceuticals (oregano oil, thymol, carvacrol, trans-cinnmaldehyde, tetrahydrocurcumin, sulforaphane, naringenin, embelin, allyl sulfide, hydroxytyrosol) and two immuno-stimulatory compounds (chitosan, poly I:C) were examined for controlling N. ceranae infections. Caged bees were inoculated with N. ceranae spores, and treatments were administered in sugar syrup. Only two compounds did not significantly reduce N. ceranae spore counts compared to the infected positive control, but the most effective were sulforaphane from cruciferous vegetables, carvacrol from oregano oil, and naringenin from citrus fruit. When tested at several concentrations, the highest sulforaphane concentration reduced spore counts by 100%, but also caused 100% bee mortality. For carvacrol, the maximum reduction in spore counts was 57% with an intermediate concentration and the maximum bee mortality was 23% with the highest concentration. For naringenin, the maximum reduction in spore counts was 64% with the highest concentration, and the maximum bee mortality was only 15% with an intermediate concentration. In the longevity experiment, naringenin-fed bees lived as long as Nosema-free control bees, both of which lived significantly longer than infected positive control bees. While its antimicrobial properties may be promising, reducing sulforaphane toxicity to bees is necessary before it can be considered as a candidate for controlling N. ceranae. Although further work on formulation is needed with naringenin, its effect on extending longevity in infected bees may give it an additional value as a potential additive for bee feed in honey bee colonies.
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Registered trials
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