ArticleFrontiers in oncology2019
Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in North China.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping three decades of air pollution-lung cancer research: trends, hotspots, and networks (1990-2025).Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Radiomics signature based on robust features derived from diffusion data for differentiation between benign and malignant solitary pulmonary lesions.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2024Trial
- Clinicopathological Characteristics, Molecular Findings, and Survival of Lung Cancer in Adults Aged <30 Years in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Indoor Air Pollution and Lung Cancer Risk-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Etiology and risk factors for lung cancer in female Asian never smokers: a systematic review.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Review
- Risk factors behind the global lung cancer burden: a pan-database exploration.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Current Evidence for a Lung Cancer Screening Program.Portuguese journal of public health · 2024Review
- Health effects associated with exposure to secondhand smoke: a Burden of Proof study.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Overview and countermeasures of cancer burden in China.Science China. Life sciences · 2023Review
- Lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS): development of a UK national research strategy.BJC reports · 2023Review
- Preventive and therapeutic effects of green tea on lung cancer: a narrative review of evidence from clinical and basic research.Journal of thoracic disease · 2022Review
- Risk of two common glandular cell-type cancers (breast and colorectal cancers) in Chinese occupational chefs: a nationwide ecological study in Taiwan.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2021Article
- Epidemiology and prognosis in young lung cancer patients aged under 45 years old in northern China.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Increased Levels of Serum Glycosylated Hemoglobin are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in a Population with Cancer (≥49 Years): An Antidepressant-Stratified Analysis.Clinical interventions in aging · 2021Article
- An Overview of Lung Cancer in Women and the Impact of Estrogen in Lung Carcinogenesis and Lung Cancer Treatment.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed at estimating the effects of epidemiological risk factors for lung cancer in never-smokers. A multicenter and matched case-control study was conducted in the cities of Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, Qinhuangdao, Baoding, and Chengde in North China. It comprised 1,086 cases and 2,172 healthy subjects as controls, all of whom had smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetimes. Patients were newly diagnosed with lung cancer between January 2015 and December 2017. Each patient was matched to two control participants for sex and age (±5 years). Both univariate analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Subsequently, data were stratified by participant sex and different air quality conditions for analysis. Type of job, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace or at home, above-average exposure to cooking oil fumes, depression, poor sleep quality, occupational exposure, cardiovascular diseases, and family history of cancer were revealed as significant risk factors for lung cancer in never-smokers. However, higher educational level, frequent use of a PM
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.