ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2019
Development and Evaluation of in-situ Nasal Gel Formulations of Nanosized Transferosomal Sumatriptan: Design, Optimization, in vitro and in vivo Evaluation.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intranasal Delivery of a Thermosensitive Gel Co-loaded with Temozolomide and N-acetylcysteine: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Stimuli-Responsive Nasal in situ Gel Drug Delivery Systems: from Material Design to Clinical Translation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Intranasal Delivery of Carvedilol- and Quercetin-Encapsulated Cationic Nanoliposomes for Cardiovascular Targeting: Formulation andACS applied bio materials · 2024Article
- Article
- Excipients Used for Modified Nasal Drug Delivery: A Mini-Review of the Recent Advances.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Development and In Vitro-Ex Vivo Evaluation of Novel Polymeric Nasal Donepezil Films for Potential Use in Alzheimer's Disease Using Experimental Design.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Article
- Harnessing Intranasal Delivery Systems of Sumatriptan for the Treatment of Migraine.BioMed research international · 2022Review
- Intranasal delivery of Clozapine using nanoemulsion-basedSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2021Article
- Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Sesame Oil-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carriers of Nicergoline, Intranasal Delivery System for Brain Targeting of Synergistic Cerebrovascular Protection.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Application of Nanopharmaceutics for Flibanserin Brain Delivery Augmentation Via the Nasal Route.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Nanostructured Lipid Carriers to Mediate Brain Delivery of Temazepam: Design and In Vivo Study.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Nanomedicine Fight against Antibacterial Resistance: An Overview of the Recent Pharmaceutical Innovations.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2022-07-15Author Unresponsive · Duplication of/in Image · Manipulation of Images ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSumatriptan succinate (SUT) is a potent drug used for relieving or ending migraine and cluster headaches. SUT bioavailability is low (15%) when it is taken orally owing to its gastric breakdown and bloodstream before reaching the target arteries.
aimThe aim of the study was to enhance SUT bioavailability through developing an intranasal transferosomal mucoadhesive gel.
methodsSUT-loaded nanotransferosomes were prepared by thin film hydration method and characterized for various parameters such as vesicle diameter, percent entrapment efficiency (%EE), in vitro release and ex vivo permeation studies. The in-situ gels were prepared using various ratios of poloxamer 407, poloxamer 188, and carrageenan and characterized for gelation temperature, mucoadhesive strength, and rheological properties.
resultsThe prepared transferosomes exhibited percent entrapment efficiencies (%EE) of 40.41±3.02 to 77.47±2.85%, mean diameters of 97.25 to 245.01 nm, sustained drug release over 6 hours, and acceptable ex vivo permeation findings. The optimum formulae were incorporated into poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188-based thermosensitive in-situ gel using carrageenan as a mucoadhesive polymer. Pharmacokinetic evaluation showed that the prepared in-situ gel of SUT-loaded nano-transferosomes gave enhanced bioavailability, 4.09-fold, as compared to oral drug solution.
conclusionBased on enhancing the bioavailability and sustaining the drug release, it can be concluded that the in-situ gel of SUT-loaded nano-transferosomes were developed as a promising non-invasive drug delivery system for treating migraine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.