ArticleProtein & cell2020
Washed microbiota transplantation vs. manual fecal microbiota transplantation: clinical findings, animal studies and in vitro screening.
Article in Protein & cell, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 12 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 170 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Washed Microbiota Transplantation Combining Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Contribute to Nutritional Improvement of Patients With Crohns' Disease
Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Patients With 2019-nCoV Infection: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study
Efficacy and Safety of Washed Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Oncotherapy-Related Intestinal Complications
Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism by Washed Microbiota Transplantation in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Washed Microbiota Transplantation (WMT) for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Chronic Constipation in Adults: a Single-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose-exploring Clinical Study
Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a Real World Research
Efficacy and Safety of Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Rhinitis
Efficacy and Safety of Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study
Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Comorbidities
Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Postoperative Complications in Solid Organ Transplantation
Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Postoperative Complications in Solid Organ Transplantation
Who cites it
170 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 243 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical response and risk factors of fecal microbiota transplantation in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Engrafting gut bacteriophages have potential to modulate microbial metabolism in fecal microbiota transplantation.Microbiome · 2025Pooled it
- Safety comparison of single-donor and pooled fecal microbiota transfer product preparation in ulcerative colitis: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of fecal microbiota transfer on blood pressure in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Fecal microbiota transplantation for induction of remission in Crohn's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of colorectal disease · 2023Pooled it
- Encyclopedia of fecal microbiota transplantation: a review of effectiveness in the treatment of 85 diseases.Chinese medical journal · 2022Pooled it
- Features of Gut Microbiome Associated With Responses to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Guideline
- Akkermansia muciniphila enhances washed microbiota transplantation in the treatment of epilepsy.Chinese medical journal · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Prospective Study Reveals Host Microbial Determinants of Clinical Response to Fecal Microbiota Transplant Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Trial
- Efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation by washed preparation in patients with moderate to severely active ulcerative colitis.Journal of digestive diseases · 2020Trial
- Efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in Crohn's disease: a new target treatment?Microbial biotechnology · 2020Trial
- Review
- Microbial Signals in Cancer: Dissecting Host-Microbiota-Tumor Interactions and Potential Therapeutic Strategy.MedComm · 2026Review
- Feasibility and Safety of Washed Microbiota Transplantation as Salvage Therapy for Refractory Non-CDI Gut Pathogens in Critically Ill Patients.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Transplantation of encapsulated fecal microbiota: research progress and future trends.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and cancer immunotherapy: from dysbiosis to personalized immune checkpoint blockade optimization.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Gut Dysbiosis as a Shared Mechanism in Obesity and Hypertension: Exploring a Promising Therapeutic Avenue.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Review
- Metagenomic sequencing reveals high reproducibility of human donor microbiota transplanted into germ-free mice via lower gut route.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2026Article
110 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) by manual preparation has been applied to treat diseases for thousands of years. However, this method still endures safety risks and challenges the psychological endurance and acceptance of doctors, patients and donors. Population evidence showed the washed microbiota preparation with microfiltration based on an automatic purification system followed by repeated centrifugation plus suspension for three times significantly reduced FMT-related adverse events. This washing preparation makes delivering a precise dose of the enriched microbiota feasible, instead of using the weight of stool. Intraperitoneal injection in mice with the fecal microbiota supernatant obtained after repeated centrifugation plus suspension for three times induced less toxic reaction than that by the first centrifugation following the microfiltration. The toxic reactions that include death, the change in the level of peripheral white blood cells, and the proliferation of germinal center in secondary lymphoid follicles in spleen were noted. The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (NGS) indicated the increasing types and amount of viruses could be washed out during the washing process. Metabolomics analysis indicated metabolites with pro-inflammatory effects in the fecal microbiota supernatant such as leukotriene B4, corticosterone, and prostaglandin G2 could be removed by repeated washing. Near-infrared absorption spectroscopy could be served as a rapid detection method to control the quality of the washing-process. In conclusion, this study for the first time provides evidence linking clinical findings and animal experiments to support that washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) is safer, more precise and more quality-controllable than the crude FMT by manual.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.