ArticleEnvironment international2020
Association between triclocarban and triclosan exposures and the risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2013-2014).
Article in Environment international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Associations of Urinary Triclosan Concentrations Across Gestation and Childhood with the Adolescent Gut Microbiome.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Are Wild Boars Exposed to Triclosan and Triclocarban?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Endocrine disruptors are contributing to type 2 diabetes mellitus.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Review
- Association between serum bilirubin and diabetic retinopathy: results from the NHANES 1999-2018 and Mendelian randomization study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Nonlinear relationship between urinary benzophenone-3 and diabetes risk among American adults: a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Associations of urinary phytoestrogen biomarkers with uric acid and hyperuricemia, and the mediating role of kidney function.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals exposure: cardiometabolic health risk in humans.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Review
- Associations between internal exposure to acrylamide and sleep health: evidence from NHANES 2013-2016.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Individual and combined effects of dietary vitamin intake on cognitive function in elderly adults: the potential mediating role of serum neurofilament light chain levels.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Spatial metabolomics reveal metabolic alternations in the injured mice kidneys induced by triclocarban treatment.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Article
- The Healthy Eating Index 2020 components contributed unequally to systemic inflammatory biomarkers: A large national cross-sectional study.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram of all-cause mortality in adult Americans with diabetes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Insights into Triclosan-Induced Endocrine Disruption: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Zebrafish Models.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Association of Multiple Urinary Phthalates Metabolites with Diabetes Risk in Elderly Population.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Association of plasma trans fatty acid concentrations with blood pressure and hypertension in U.S. adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Environmental endocrine disruptor-induced mitochondrial dysfunction: a potential mechanism underlying diabetes and its complications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Review
- Critical Overview on Endocrine Disruptors in Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere has been increasing interest in the concept that exposure to environmental chemicals may be contributing factors to epidemics of diabetes mellitus (DM). Triclocarban and triclosan (TCs) are synthetic antibacterial chemicals that are widely used in personal care products. Studies have shown that TCs are endocrine disruptors that alter metabolic conditions. However, it remains unclear whether exposure to TCs is a risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
objectiveWe explored the hypothesis that TCs exposure is associated with an increased risk of IGT and T2DM.
methodTo test our hypothesis, we analyzed the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cross-sectional data from 2013 to 2014. IGT and T2DM were diagnosed based on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the WHO standards. The levels of urinary TCs were measured using an HPLC-MS/MS method that NHANES investigators developed. The association between urinary TCs status and IGT and T2DM was examined separately in men and women using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, race, BMI, education, ratio of family income to poverty, smoking, exercise and hypertension.
resultsNine hundred US participants (429 men and 471 women) were included in the analysis, of whom 242 (26.89%) were diagnosed with T2DM and 117 (13.00%) had IGT. Among women, there was a significant positive association between triclocarban, but not triclosan exposure and T2DM (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.05) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Among men, no significant association between TCs exposure and IGT or T2DM was observed.
conclusionsTriclocarban exposure may increase the risk of T2DM in the women, although additional studies are needed to confirm the results of this study and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.