Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31915893›Full record

Observational studyDiabetologia2020

Cord blood metabolic markers are strong mediators of the effect of maternal adiposity on fetal growth in pregnancies across the glucose tolerance spectrum: the PANDORA study.

I-Lynn Lee, Elizabeth L M Barr, Danielle Longmore, Federica Barzi, Alex D H Brown, Christine Connors, Jacqueline A Boyle, Marie Kirkwood, Vanya Hampton, Michael Lynch and 8 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Diabetologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. AI-Driven Fetal Liver Echotexture Analysis: A New Frontier in Predicting Neonatal Insulin Imbalance.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. [Correlation Between Inflammatory Cytokine Levels and Growth Restriction in Full-term Small-for-Date Infants].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

I-Lynn LeeWellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia.
Elizabeth L M BarrWellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia.
Danielle LongmoreWellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia.
Federica BarziWellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia.
Alex D H BrownSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Christine ConnorsNorthern Territory Department of Health, Darwin, NT, Australia.
Jacqueline A BoyleMonash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Marie KirkwoodWellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia.
Vanya HamptonWellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia.
Michael LynchPathology Network, Top End Health and Hospital Services, Darwin, NT, Australia.
Zhong X LuMonash Pathology, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Kerin O'DeaSchool of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Jeremy OatsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
H David McIntyreMater Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Paul ZimmetDepartment of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Jonathan E ShawBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Louise J Maple-BrownWellbeing and Preventable Chronic Disease Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia. Louise.Maple-Brown@menzies.edu.au.
PANDORA study team
Charles Darwin University · AUBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute · AUNorthern Territory Health Services · AUThe University of Queensland · AUMonash Health · AUThe University of Melbourne · AUUniversity of South Australia · AU

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council #631947
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisWe aimed to assess associations between cord blood metabolic markers and fetal overgrowth, and whether cord markers mediated the impact of maternal adiposity on neonatal anthropometric outcomes among children born to Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australian women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregestational type 2 diabetes mellitus.

methodsFrom the Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in Remote Australia (PANDORA) study, an observational cohort of 1135 mother-baby pairs, venous cord blood was available for 645 singleton babies (49% Indigenous Australian) of women with NGT (n = 129), GDM (n = 419) and type 2 diabetes (n = 97). Cord glucose, triacylglycerol, HDL-cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP) and C-peptide were measured. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were used to assess the associations between cord blood metabolic markers and the outcomes of birthweight z score, sum of skinfold thickness (SSF), being large for gestational age (LGA) and percentage of body fat. Pathway analysis assessed whether cord markers mediated the associations between maternal and neonatal adiposity.

resultsElevated cord C-peptide was significantly associated with increasing birthweight z score (β 0.57 [95% CI 0.42, 0.71]), SSF (β 0.83 [95% CI 0.41, 1.25]), percentage of body fat (β 1.20 [95% CI 0.69, 1.71]) and risk for LGA [OR 3.14 [95% CI 2.11, 4.68]), after adjusting for age, ethnicity and diabetes type. Cord triacylglycerol was negatively associated with birthweight z score for Indigenous Australian women only. No associations between cord glucose, HDL-cholesterol and CRP >0.3 mg/l (2.9 nmol/l) with neonatal outcomes were observed. C-peptide mediated 18% (95% CI 13, 36) of the association of maternal BMI with LGA and 11% (95% CI 8, 17) of the association with per cent neonatal fat. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationCord blood C-peptide is an important mediator of the association between maternal and infant adiposity, across the spectrum of maternal glucose tolerance.

Indexed as

AdiposityAdultAustraliaBiomarkersBirth WeightBody Mass IndexCohort StudiesDiabetes, GestationalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleFetal BloodFetal DevelopmentGlucoseGlucose IntoleranceHumansHyperglycemiaBiomarkersGlucoseCord bloodDiabetes in pregnancyFetal hyperinsulinaemiaGestational diabetesNeonatal adiposityNeonatal fat massType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID31915893
OpenAlexW2999292699

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.