ArticleLab on a chip2020
Layer-by-layer fabrication of 3D hydrogel structures using open microfluidics.
Article in Lab on a chip, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- From flow to form: structuring and patterning hydrogels using microfluidic approaches.Lab on a chip · 2026Review
- A 3D microfluidic model of exchange between perfused blood and lymphatic microvascular networks.Lab on a chip · 2026Article
- From Fabrication to Flow: Impact of Print Orientation on Surface Qualities and Capillary-Driven Flow in Laser SLA-based Open Microchannels.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Multifunctional implantable hydrogels: Smart platforms at the forefront of biomedical innovation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Electric-Fish-Inspired Thin Hydrogel Electrocytes Achieve High Power Density and Environmental Robustness.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Preventing hypocontractility-induced fibroblast expansion alleviates dilated cardiomyopathy.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Suspended Tissue Engineering with Assemblable Microfluidics (STEAM).bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Suspended Tissue Open Microfluidic Patterning (STOMP).Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Layer-by-layer assembly: advancing skin repair, one layer at a time.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Rapid and Inexpensive Image-Guided Grayscale Biomaterial Customization via LCD Printing.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Suspended Tissue Open Microfluidic Patterning (STOMP).bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The dynamics of capillary flow in an open-channel system featuring trigger valves.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The dynamics of capillary flow in an open-channel system featuring trigger valves.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Open-Top Patterned Hydrogel-Laden 3D Glioma Cell Cultures for Creation of Dynamic Chemotactic Gradients to Direct Cell Migration.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Article
- Tricolor visible wavelength-selective photodegradable hydrogel biomaterials.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Chitosan-Based Hydrogel in the Management of Dermal Infections: A Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Layer-by-Layer Nanoassemblies for Vaccination Purposes.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- User-Controlled 4D Biomaterial Degradation with Substrate-Selective Sortase Transpeptidases for Single-Cell Biology.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Perfusable cell-laden micropatterned hydrogels for delivery of spatiotemporal vascular-like cues to tissues.Organs-on-a-chip · 2022Article
- Polyelectrolyte Multilayered Capsules as Biomedical Tools.Polymers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Patterned deposition and 3D fabrication techniques have enabled the use of hydrogels for a number of applications including microfluidics, sensors, separations, and tissue engineering in which form fits function. Devices such as reconfigurable microvalves or implantable tissues have been created using lithography or casting techniques. Here, we present a novel open-microfluidic patterning method that utilizes surface tension forces to form hydrogel layers on top of each other, into a patterned 3D structure. We use a patterning device to form a temporary open microfluidic channel on an existing gel layer, allowing the controlled flow of unpolymerized gel in device-regions. After layer gelation and device removal, the process can be repeated iteratively to create multi-layered 3D structures. The use of open-microfluidic and surface tension-based methods to define the shape of each individual layer enables patterning to be performed with a simple pipette and with minimal dead-volume. Our method is compatible with unmodified (native) biological hydrogels, and other non-biological materials with precursor fluid properties compatible with capillary flow. With our open-microfluidic layer-by-layer fabrication method, we demonstrate the capability to build agarose, type I collagen, and polymer-peptide 3D structures featuring asymmetric designs, multiple components, overhanging features, and cell-laden regions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.