ArticleDiabetes2020
Protection Against Insulin Resistance by Apolipoprotein M/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate.
Article in Diabetes, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impacts of dietary sphingomyelin supplementation on metabolic parameters of healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Modulation of the Apolipoprotein M/S1PR4 Pathway Reduces Podocyte Lipid Overload in Alport Syndrome via Distinct Autophagy and Efflux Mechanisms.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Review
- Higher Plasma Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Have a Non-Linear Relationship with the Disease Prognostic Indices and Microvascular Complications: A Cross-Sectional Saudi Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Apolipoprotein M: Structural insights, functional roles, and therapeutic approaches in vascular disease.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Alterations of sphingosine-1-phosphate and its receptors in type 1 diabetes mellitus: an integrated clinical and single-cell transcriptomic study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Adipokines and Vascular Modulators in CKM: Emerging Biomarkers as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The relationship between plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate, plasma apolipoprotein M, obesity, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Article
- Inverse relationship between circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate and precursor species and coronary artery calcification score in type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Observational
- Regulatory role of S1P and its receptors in sepsis-induced liver injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Favourable HDL composition in endurance athletes is not associated with changes in HDL in vitro antioxidant and endothelial anti-inflammatory function.Bioscience reports · 2024Article
- High-density lipoprotein in diabetes: Structural and functional relevance.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Review
- Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Regulates Obesity and Glucose Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Functions of High-Density Lipoprotein in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Circulating Sphingolipids and Glucose Homeostasis: An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Sphingolipid Levels and Signaling via Resveratrol and Antioxidant Actions in Cardiometabolic Risk and Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Identification of Glomerular and Plasma Apolipoprotein M as Novel Biomarkers in Glomerular Disease.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
- Article
- High-Density Lipoprotein Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.Metabolites · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Subjects with low serum HDL cholesterol levels are reported to be susceptible to diabetes, with insulin resistance believed to be the underlying pathological mechanism. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a carrier of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a multifunctional lipid mediator, on HDL, and the pleiotropic effects of HDL are believed to be mediated by S1P. In the current study, we attempted to investigate the potential association between apoM/S1P and insulin resistance. We observed that the serum levels of apoM were lower in patients with type 2 diabetes and that they were negatively correlated with BMI and the insulin resistance index. While deletion of apoM in mice was associated with worsening of insulin resistance, overexpression of apoM was associated with improvement of insulin resistance. Presumably, apoM/S1P exerts its protective effect against insulin resistance by activating insulin signaling pathways, such as the AKT and AMPK pathways, and also by improving the mitochondrial functions through upregulation of SIRT1 protein levels. These actions of apoM/S1P appear to be mediated via activation of S1P1 and/or S1P3. These results suggest that apoM/S1P exerts protective roles against the development of insulin resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.