ArticleNeurochemical research2020
Amphetamine Stimulates Endocytosis of the Norepinephrine and Neuronal Glutamate Transporters in Cultured Locus Coeruleus Neurons.
Article in Neurochemical research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Advances and Emerging Pharmacotherapeutic Approaches for Central Hypersomnolence Disorders.Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications · 2026Review
- Dynamic Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism Genes in Dopaminergic Neurons following Methamphetamine Treatment as Revealed by Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The TAAR1 Agonist PCC0105004 Regulates Amygdala Synaptic Plasticity to Alleviate Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Rats.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Article
- Trace Amine-associated Receptor 1: Role in the Implementation of Neuroprotective Signaling Pathways.International journal of molecular and cellular medicine · 2025Review
- Behavioral manifestations and underlying mechanisms of amphetamine in constructing animal models of mania: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Psychostimulants and social behaviors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- The Alkylamine Stimulant 1,3-Dimethylamylamine Exhibits Substrate-Like Regulation of Dopamine Transporter Function and Localization.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2023Article
- Article
- Developmental impact of glutamate transporter overexpression on dopaminergic neuron activity and stereotypic behavior.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
- Enhancement of Phosphorylation and Transport Activity of the Neuronal Glutamate Transporter Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3 by C3bot and a 26mer C3bot Peptide.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Substance abuse and neurotransmission.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2022Article
- Trace amine-associated receptor 1 and drug abuse.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2022Article
- Rapid Regulation of Glutamate Transport: Where Do We Go from Here?Neurochemical research · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Potential of TAAR1 Agonists in Schizophrenia: Evidence from Preclinical Models and Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Glutamate homeostasis and dopamine signaling: Implications for psychostimulant addiction behavior.Neurochemistry international · 2021Review
- Altered Grooming Syntax and Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release in EAAT3 Overexpressing Mice.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Amphetamines and amphetamine-derivatives elevate neurotransmitter concentrations by competing with endogenous biogenic amines for reuptake. In addition, AMPHs have been shown to activate endocytosis of the dopamine transporter (DAT) which further elevates extracellular dopamine (DA). We previously found that the biochemical cascade leading to this cellular process involves entry of AMPH into the cell through the DAT, stimulation of an intracellular trace amine-associated receptor, TAAR1, and activation of the small GTPase, RhoA. We also showed that the neuronal glutamate transporter, EAAT3, undergoes endocytosis via the same cascade in DA neurons, leading to potentiation of glutamatergic inputs. Since AMPH is a transported inhibitor of both DAT and the norepinephrine transporter (NET), and EAAT3 is also expressed in norepinephrine (NE) neurons, we explored the possibility that this signaling cascade occurs in NE neurons. We found that AMPH can cause endocytosis of NET as well as EAAT3 in NE neurons. NET endocytosis is dependent on TAAR1, RhoA, intracellular calcium and CaMKII activation, similar to DAT. However, EAAT3 endocytosis is similar in all regards except its dependence upon CaMKII activation. RhoA activation is dependent on calcium, but not CaMKII, explaining a divergence in AMPH-mediated endocytosis of DAT and NET from that of EAAT3. These data indicate that AMPHs and other TAAR1 agonists can affect glutamate signaling through internalization of EAAT3 in NE as well as DA neurons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.