Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31911676›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2020

RNA isoform screens uncover the essentiality and tumor-suppressor activity of ultraconserved poison exons.

James D Thomas, Jacob T Polaski, Qing Feng, Emma J De Neef, Emma R Hoppe, Maria V McSharry, Joseph Pangallo, Austin M Gabel, Andrea E Belleville, Jacqueline Watson and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Ultra-Conserved Poison Exons Enable Rapid and Safe Splicing Factor Gene Expression Switches: A Hypothesis.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Strategies for programmable manipulation of alternative splicing.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2024
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

James D ThomasComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8893-6350
Jacob T Polaski *Computational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Qing Feng *Computational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Emma J De NeefComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7660-6664
Emma R HoppeComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Maria V McSharryComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Joseph PangalloComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6046-614X
Austin M GabelComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1418-0327
Andrea E BellevilleMedical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9549-4338
Jacqueline WatsonDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-3696
Naomi T NkinsiComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0504-696X
Alice H BergerComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-2658
Robert K BradleyComputational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. rbradley@fredhutch.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-1063

Funding

Translational Bioimaging Core Shared ResourceP30CA015704 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Marian Esvelt · 1985 to 2026
$296.4M
University of Washington Medical Scientist Training Program: MD/PhDT32GM007266 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HORWITZ, MARSHALL S. · 1985 to 2023
$30.4M
The Pathogenesis of Facioscapulohumeral Muscular DystrophyP01NS069539 · NINDS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI TAPSCOTT, STEPHEN J · 2010 to 2019
$12.3M
Genetic and molecular basis for SRSF2 mutations in myelodysplasiaR01HL128239 · NHLBI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Omar Abdel-Wahab, Robert K Bradley · 2015 to 2026
$8.0M
U2AF1 mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes: from mechanism to therapyR01DK103854 · NIDDK · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI BRADLEY, ROBERT K · 2016 to 2019
$1.5M
FHCRC High-Performance Computing ClusterS10OD020069 · OD · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI KOOPERBERG, CHARLES L · 2015 to 2015
$600k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA015704NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL128239NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK103854NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007266NIH HHS S10 OD020069NINDS NIH HHS P01 NS069539
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While RNA-seq has enabled comprehensive quantification of alternative splicing, no correspondingly high-throughput assay exists for functionally interrogating individual isoforms. We describe pgFARM (paired guide RNAs for alternative exon removal), a CRISPR-Cas9-based method to manipulate isoforms independent of gene inactivation. This approach enabled rapid suppression of exon recognition in polyclonal settings to identify functional roles for individual exons, such as an SMNDC1 cassette exon that regulates pan-cancer intron retention. We generalized this method to a pooled screen to measure the functional relevance of 'poison' cassette exons, which disrupt their host genes' reading frames yet are frequently ultraconserved. Many poison exons were essential for the growth of both cultured cells and lung adenocarcinoma xenografts, while a subset had clinically relevant tumor-suppressor activity. The essentiality and cancer relevance of poison exons are likely to contribute to their unusually high conservation and contrast with the dispensability of other ultraconserved elements for viability.

Indexed as

Alternative SplicingGenes, Tumor SuppressorAdenocarcinoma of LungAnimalsCell ProliferationExonsHeLa CellsHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysHumansLung NeoplasmsMiceRNA IsoformsRNA, MessengerRNA Splicing FactorsSMN Complex ProteinsTumor Cells, CulturedRNA IsoformsRNA, MessengerRNA Splicing FactorsSMN Complex ProteinsSMNDC1 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID31911676
PMCPMC6962552

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.