Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31911511›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2020

Pre-post implementation survey of a multicomponent intervention to improve informed consent for caesarean section in Southern Malawi.

Siem Zethof, Wouter Bakker, Felix Nansongole, Kelvin Kilowe, Jos van Roosmalen, Thomas van den Akker

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Content and design of respectful maternity care training packages for health workers in sub-Saharan Africa: Scoping review.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Siem Zethof *Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Wouter Bakker *Clinical Department, St. Luke's Hospital, Zomba, Malawi bakker.stlukes@gmail.com.
Felix NansongoleClinical Department, St. Luke's Hospital, Zomba, Malawi.
Kelvin KiloweNursing Department, St. Luke's Hospital, Zomba, Malawi.
Jos van RoosmalenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Thomas van den AkkerDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc · NLClinical Research Management · USAthena Sustainable Materials Institute · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSurgical informed consent is essential prior to caesarean section, but potentially compromised by insufficient communication. We assessed the association between a multicomponent intervention and women's recollection of information pertaining to informed consent for caesarean section in a low-resource setting, thereby contributing to respectful maternity care.

designPre-post implementation survey, conducted from January to June 2018, surveying women prior to discharge.

settingRural 150-bed mission hospital in Southern Malawi.

participantsA total of 160 postoperative women were included: 80 preimplementation and 80 postimplementation.

interventionBased on observed deficiencies and input from local stakeholders, a multicomponent intervention was developed, consisting of a standardised checklist, wall poster with a six-step guide and on-the-job communication training for health workers. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Individual components of informed consent were: indication, explanation of procedure, common complications, implications for future pregnancies and verbal enquiry of consent, which were compared preintervention and postintervention using χ

resultsThe proportion of women who recollected being informed about procedure-related risks increased from 25/80 to 47/80 (OR 3.13 (95% CI 1.64 to 6.00)). Recollection of an explanation of the procedure changed from 44/80 to 55/80 (OR 1.80 (0.94 to 3.44)), implications for future pregnancy from 25/80 to 47/80 (1.69 (0.89 to 3.20)) and of consent enquiry from 67/80 to 73/80 (OR 2.02 (0.73 to 5.37)). After controlling for other variables, incompleteness scores postintervention were 26% lower (Exp(β)=0.74; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.96). Recollection of common complications increased with 0.25 complications (β=0.25; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.49). Recollection of the correct indication did not differ significantly.

conclusionRecollection of informed consent for caesarean section changed significantly in the postintervention group. Obtaining informed consent for caesarean section is one of the essential components of respectful maternity care.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultCesarean SectionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInformed ConsentMalawiMaternal Health ServicesPregnancyProspective StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultcaesarean sectioninformed consentmaternal medicinemedical ethicsquality in health caretropical medicine

Identifiers

PMID31911511
PMCPMC6955547
OpenAlexW2999131641

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.