ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2020
Independent and Combined Effects of Heatwaves and
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between heat and air pollution (PMBMJ paediatrics open · 2025Pooled it
- Ambient gaseous pollutants and emergency ambulance calls for all-cause and cause-specific diseases in China: a multicity time-series study.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Pooled it
- Association between extreme heat exposure and risk of preterm birth and its effect modifiers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Misspecified seasonality adjustment in temperature and preterm birth studies may introduce severe bias: a real birth cohort-based simulation.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Toward a Unified Framework for Climate and Health Research: Gaps in Exposure Metrics and Health Outcomes.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Review
- Individual and Joint Effect of Particulate Matter and Night-Time Temperature on Sperm Quality: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study in China.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Combined effects of nitrogen dioxide and ozone air pollution on maternal liver function during pregnancy: a birth cohort study in China.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring effects of greenness and extreme heat exposure on hypertension incidence in elderly Chinese: a national cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Extreme temperature events exposure and risks of stillbirths: nationwide large birth cohort study in China.Environment international · 2025Article
- Plant species richness, green spaces, and preterm birth risk in urban areas.Environment international · 2025Article
- Prenatal exposure to ambient temperature and preterm birth: a historical cohort.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Identifying the critical windows and joint effects of greenness and particulate matter exposures for preterm birth: a retrospective study across Guangdong Province in China from 2014 to 2018.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Scoping review of climate drivers on maternal health: current evidence and clinical implications.AJOG global reports · 2025Review
- Heat exposure induced risks of preterm birth mediated by maternal hypertension.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Risk and attributable fraction estimation for the impact of exposure to compound drought and hot events on daily stroke admissions.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Effects of intra- and inter-day temperature change on acute upper respiratory infections among college students, assessments of three temperature change indicators.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Ambient climatic factors and term birthweight: A study of critical windows of exposure in the Republic of Cyprus.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Association of Daytime-Only, Nighttime-Only, and Compound Heat Waves With Preterm Birth by Urban-Rural Area and Regional Socioeconomic Status in China.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Exploration of the preterm birth risk-related heat event thresholds for pregnant women: a population-based cohort study in China.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Extreme Temperature Exposure and Risks of Preterm Birth Subtypes Based on a Nationwide Survey in China.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byHeatwaves and2020
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBoth extreme heat and air pollution exposure during pregnancy have been associated with preterm birth; however, their combined effects are unclear.
objectivesOur goal was to estimate the independent and joint effects of heatwaves and fine particulate matter [PM
methodsUsing birth registry data from Guangzhou, China, we included 215,059 singleton live births in the warm season (1 May-31 October) between January 2015 and July 2017. Daily meteorological variables from 5 monitoring stations and
resultsNumbers of preterm births increased in association with heatwave exposures during the final gestational week. Depending on the heatwave definition used, hazard ratios (HRs) ranged from 1.10 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.20) to 1.92 (1.39, 2.64). Associations were stronger for more intense heatwaves. Combined effects of
conclusionsOur research strengthens the evidence that exposure to heatwaves during the final gestational week can independently trigger preterm birth. Moderate heatwaves may also act synergistically with
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.