ArticleHealth promotion practice2020
Socioeconomic Disparities in Vape Shop Density and Proximity to Public Schools in the Conterminous United States, 2018.
Article in Health promotion practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patterns of specialty tobacco retail locations and visitor counts in the USA.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Article
- Understanding racial/ethnic differences in e-cigarette outcome expectancies among early adolescents: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Frontiers in adolescent medicine · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Status Partially Mediates the Effects of Structural Racism on Youth Tobacco Use Initiation.Global journal of epidemiology and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Prevalence and correlates of past 30-day dual-vaping of nicotine and cannabis among adolescents in five New England states.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Place-based estimates of cigarette butt litter raise environmental justice concerns in the United States.PloS one · 2024Article
- Smoking trends and health equity in Switzerland between 1992 and 2017: dependence of smoking prevalence on educational level and social determinants.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Proximity of IQOS and JUUL points of sale to schools in Israel: a geospatial analysis.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Review of Use Prevalence, Susceptibility, Advertisement Exposure, and Access to Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems among Minorities and Low-Income Populations in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Proactive and Reactive Recruitment of Black and Latino Adolescents in a Vaping Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Spatial Clustering of Hookah Lounges, Vape Shops, and All Tobacco Retailers Near Colleges.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Article
- The Co-occurrence of Specialty Vape Shops, Social Disadvantage, and Poor Air Quality in the United States: An Assessment of Cumulative Risks to Youth.Health equity · 2022Article
- Developing Graphic Messages for Vaping Prevention Among Black and Latino Adolescents: Participatory Research Approach.Journal of participatory medicine · 2021Article
- Examining how changes in provincial policy on vape marketing impacted the distribution of vaping advertisements near secondary schools in London, Ontario.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2021Article
- Modelling retailer-based exemptions in flavoured tobacco sales restrictions: national estimates on the impact of product availability.BMJ open · 2020Article
- Are Waterpipe Café, Vape Shop, and Traditional Tobacco Retailer Locations Associated with Community Composition and Young Adult Tobacco Use in North Carolina and Virginia?Substance use & misuse · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We conducted an environmental justice assessment examining the distribution of specialty vape shops in relation to where minority and low-income youth live and attend school. We collated and examined the density of vape shops in public school districts in 2018 throughout the conterminous United States using geographic information systems. We calculated the proximity of vape shops to public middle and high schools through nearest neighbor analysis in QGIS software. We examined the statistical relationships between the density of vape shops in school districts, and proximity to schools, with the proportion of racial/ethnic minorities and those living in poverty. We found that vape shops are more densely distributed, and are in closer proximity to schools, in school districts with higher proportions of Asian and Black or African American populations. However, vape shops were further away from schools in school districts with higher proportions of the population in poverty. The proximity and higher density of vape shops in relationship to schools in Asian and Black or African American communities may result in disproportionate health impacts due to greater access and exposure to vape products and advertisements. Our results may help school district administrators prioritize and target efforts to curb youth vaping (e.g., health education curricula) in these school districts with high density and closer proximity of vape shops to schools. Policy efforts, such as local ordinances restricting the promotion and sale of vaping products close to schools, could help prevent disproportionate human and environmental health impacts to minorities.
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