ArticleBMC oral health2020
Association between early childhood caries and poverty in low and middle income countries.
Article in BMC oral health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Africa: A Systematic Review.International journal of paediatric dentistry · 2026Pooled it
- Do clinical caries-preventive interventions applied to expectant mothers affect caries-related parameters in their children? A systematic review.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2025Pooled it
- Global policy approaches to combat early childhood caries: a scoping review with evidence map.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Breaking the cycle: how poverty affects children's oral health in developing nations-a rapid review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- A Clinical Trial of 38% Silver Diamine Fluoride With Light Curing in Arresting Dentine Caries in Primary Teeth.International dental journal · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of seventh generation bonding agents as desensitizers in patients with dentin hypersensitivity: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- Significant elevation of salivary human neutrophil peptides 1-3 levels by probiotic milk in preschool children with severe early childhood caries: a randomized controlled trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Trial
- Parental socioeconomic and perceptual determinants of early childhood caries amongst Myanmar preschool children.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Article
- Evaluation of a Caregiver-Completed Questionnaire for Assessing Early Childhood Caries Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Early Life Trajectories of Household Poverty and Area-Level Deprivation and Childhood Dental Caries: A Longitudinal Data Linkage Cohort Study.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Article
- Associations between the use of caries preventive methods and ECC experience in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of caries in primary teeth from 1990 to 2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Early-life snack and drink consumption patterns among children: findings from a U.S. birth cohort study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Parental Perceptions and Family Impact on Adolescents' Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Relation to the Severity of Malocclusion and Caries Status.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A scoping review on early childhood caries and inequalities using the Sustainable Development Goal 10 framework.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with early childhood caries in Peruvian pre-schoolers.BMC oral health · 2025Observational
- Early childhood caries risk prediction using machine learning approaches in Bangladesh.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Untreated early childhood caries is a potential disability: policy and programme implications for Africa.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Review
- A scoping review of early childhood caries, poverty and the first sustainable development goal.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Impact of dental caries and Self-perceived oral health on daily lives of children and mothers in rural Egypt: a household survey.BMC oral health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the relationship between early childhood caries (ECC) in 3-5-year-old children, seven indicators of poverty and the indicator of monetary poverty in low- and middle-income countries (LICs, MICs).
methodsThis ecologic study utilized 2007 to 2017 country-level data for LICs and MICs. Explanatory variables were seven indicators of poverty namely food, water, sanitation, health, shelter, access to information, education; and monetary poverty. The outcome variable was the percentage of 3-5-year-old children with ECC. A series of univariate general linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between the percentage of 3-5 year-old children with ECC and each of the seven indicators of poverty, and monetary poverty. This was followed by multivariable regression models to determined the combined effect of the seven indicators of poverty, as well as the combined effect of the seven indicators of poverty and monetary poverty. Adjusted R
resultsSignificantly more people had food, sanitation, shelter, access to information, education and monetary poverty in LICs than in MICs. There was no difference in the prevalence of ECC in 3-5-year-old children between LICs and MICs. The combination of the seven indicators of poverty explained 15% of the variation in the percentage of 3-5-year-old children with ECC compared to 1% explained by monetary poverty. When the seven indicators of poverty and the indicator for monetary poverty were combined, the amount of variation explained by them was 10%. Only two of the poverty indicators had a direct relationship with the percentage of children with ECC; there was a higher percentage of ECC in countries with higher percentage of population living in slums (B = 0.35) and in those countries with higher percentage of the population living below poverty lines (B = 0.19). The other indicators had an inverse relationship.
conclusionThe use of multiple indicators to measures of poverty explained greater amount of variation in the percentage of 3-5-year-olds with ECC in LICs and MICs than using only the indicator for monetary poverty.
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