ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2020
Reproducible Genetic Risk Loci for Anxiety: Results From ∼200,000 Participants in the Million Veteran Program.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03170362 (PRIME Care), which is not on this map. Cited by 168 papers, 18 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
168citing papers in PubMed, 18 pooled it
36.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PRIME Care (PRecision Medicine In MEntal Health Care)
Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed, 18 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 312 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide genetic overlap between fear-based disorders and generalised anxiety disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Genome-wide meta-analysis of quantitatively measured generalized anxiety symptoms in individuals of European ancestry.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of methylome-wide associations with anxiety disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Genome-wide association study of major anxiety disorders in 122,341 European-ancestry cases identifies 58 loci and highlights GABAergic signaling.Nature genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry investigation of the genomics of erectile dysfunction.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- A genome-wide investigation into the underlying genetic architecture of personality traits and overlap with psychopathology.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of assortative mating, participation bias and socioeconomic status on the polygenic risk of behavioural and psychiatric traits.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Genome-wide meta-analysis, functional genomics and integrative analyses implicate new risk genes and therapeutic targets for anxiety disorders.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of cannabis use disorder yields insight into disease biology and public health implications.Nature genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Genome-wide association studies and cross-population meta-analyses investigating short and long sleep duration.Nature communications · 2023Pooled it
- Depression pathophysiology, risk prediction of recurrence and comorbid psychiatric disorders using genome-wide analyses.Nature medicine · 2023Pooled it
- DNA methylation and general psychopathology in childhood: an epigenome-wide meta-analysis from the PACE consortium.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Genome-wide association study identifies four pan-ancestry loci for suicidal ideation in the Million Veteran Program.PLoS genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Identification of Novel, Replicable Genetic Risk Loci for Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among US Military Veterans.JAMA psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Genome-wide Scan of Dental Fear and Anxiety Nominates Novel Genes.Journal of dental research · 2022Pooled it
- Gabapentin and pregabalin in bipolar disorder, anxiety states, and insomnia: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and rationale.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Co-morbidity between mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Depression and anxiety · 2021Pooled it
- Longitudinal epigenome-wide association studies of three male military cohorts reveal multiple CpG sites associated with post-traumatic stress disorder.Clinical epigenetics · 2020Pooled it
- Longitudinal genome-wide methylation study of PTSD treatment using prolonged exposure and hydrocortisone.Translational psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Causal Relationship Between Vitamin D and Anxiety and Depression: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Daniel F LeveyDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Joel GelernterDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Renato PolimantiDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Hang ZhouDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Zhongshan ChengDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Mihaela AslanDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Rachel QuadenDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
John ConcatoDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Krishnan RadhakrishnanDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Julien BryoisDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Patrick F SullivanDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Million Veteran ProgramDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
Murray B SteinDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn., and Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Conn. (Levey, Gelernter, Polimanti, Zhou, Cheng); VA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato, Radhakrishnan); Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Aslan, Concato); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Quaden); College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Radhakrishnan); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Bryois, Sullivan); Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sullivan); Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Stein).
VA Connecticut Healthcare System · US
Funding
Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9MGenomics of PTSD and Related TraitsI01CX001849 · VA · VA CONNECTICUT HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI GELERNTER, JOEL, STEIN, MURRAY B. · 2019 to 2022
–BLRD VA I01 BX006482CSRD VA I01 CX001849NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863
Abstract
objectiveAnxiety disorders are common and often disabling. The goal of this study was to examine the genetic architecture of anxiety disorders and anxiety symptoms, which are also frequently comorbid with other mental disorders, such as major depressive disorder.
methodsUsing one of the world's largest biobanks including genetic, environmental, and medical information, the Million Veteran Program, the authors performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of a continuous trait for anxiety (based on score on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale [GAD-2], N=199,611) as the primary analysis and self-report of physician diagnosis of anxiety disorder (N=224,330) as a secondary analysis.
resultsThe authors identified five genome-wide significant signals for European Americans and one for African Americans on GAD-2 score. The strongest were on chromosome 3 (rs4603973) near
conclusionsThis is the largest GWAS of anxiety traits to date. The authors identified novel genome-wide significant associations near genes involved with global regulation of gene expression (
Indexed as
Genetic LociGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePhenotypePolymorphism, Single NucleotideAgedAnxietyAnxiety DisordersFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMaleMiddle AgedVeteransAnxiety DisordersAnxiety SymptomsGenome-Wide Association StudyMillion Veteran ProgramPsychiatric ComorbidityVeterans
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Registered trials
NCT03170362ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.