ArticleScandinavian journal of work, environment & health2020
How leadership behaviors influence the effects of job predictability and perceived employability on employee mental health - a multilevel, prospective study.
Article in Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protecting providers: A qualitative study of Veterans Health Administration mental health providers' perspectives on leadership and burnout.Psychological services · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of an Instrument to Measure Work-Related Stress among Rescue Workers in Traumatic Mass-Casualty Disasters.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to elucidate the potential moderating effect of fair-, empowering-, and supportive-leadership behaviors on the relationship between job predictability, future employability, and subsequent clinically relevant mental distress. Method The study had a full panel, prospective design, utilizing online, self-administered questionnaire data collected at two time points, two years apart. Fair-, empowering-, and supportive-leadership behaviors, job predictability and future employability were measured by the General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work (QPSNordic). Mental health was measured using the 10-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10), with cut-off set to >1.85 to identify clinically relevant cases. As data were nested within work units, a multilevel analytic approach was chosen. Results Individual-level direct effects: (i) higher levels of job predictability [odds ratio (OR) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.98], (ii) future employability (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.74-0.93), (iii) fair- (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.68-0.91), empowering- (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67-0.87), and supportive- (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.61-0.81) leadership behavior, and (iv) the combination "quality of leadership" (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.59-0.81) were significantly associated with a lower risk of reporting subsequent mental distress. Work-unit level direct effects: higher work-unit levels of fair- (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34-0.80) and empowering- (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.40-0.94) leadership behaviors and quality of leadership (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.34-0.87) were significantly associated with a lowered risk of subsequent mental distress. Cross-level interactions: No cross-level interaction effects were shown. Conclusions Leadership behaviors did not moderate the effects of job predictability and future employability on mental health. However, employees embedded within work-units characterized by fair, empowering and supportive leadership behaviors had a lower risk of subsequent mental distress.
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