Trial reportCirculation2020
Incidence, Trends, and Outcomes of Type 2 Myocardial Infarction in a Community Cohort.
Trial report in Circulation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Assessment of Oxygen Supply-Demand Imbalance and Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: A Secondary Analysis of the High-STEACS Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Risk factors for type 1 and type 2 myocardial infarction.European heart journal · 2022Trial
- Myocardial Infarction in the ISCHEMIA Trial: Impact of Different Definitions on Incidence, Prognosis, and Treatment Comparisons.Circulation · 2021Trial
- Maximum Troponin As an Independent Predictor of 30- and 90-day Mortality in Type 2 Myocardial Infarction.Critical pathways in cardiology · 2026Article
- Four new markers of early thrombotic molecules and thromboelastography in prognostic evaluation of AMI patients undergoing PCI.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2026Review
- Sex-specific obesity paradox and type 2 myocardial infarction in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Fasciola hepatica-Derived Proteins Shield the Heart From Type 2 Myocardial Infarction in Rats by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Imbalance: Insights Relevant to the Hygiene Hypothesis.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2026Article
- Incidence and In-Hospital Outcomes of Bradycardia or Atrioventricular Conduction Disorder in Patients With Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: A Nationwide Inpatient Analysis.Journal of arrhythmia · 2025Article
- Blood pressure management in secondary prevention after myocardial infarction.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Causes of Myocardial Infarction in Younger Patients: Troponin-Elevation in Persons ≤65 Years Old in Olmsted County.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Identification of Clinical Phenotypes in Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: Insights Into Characteristics, Prognosis, and Management Strategies.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Types of Myocardial Infarction in People With HIV in Switzerland.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Prognostic value of combining cardiac myosin-binding protein C and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients without acute coronary syndrome treated at medical cardiac intensive care units.Heart and vessels · 2025Article
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Type 2 myocardial infarction: challenges in diagnosis and treatment.European heart journal · 2025Review
- Type 2 MI a legitimate efficacy endpoint in cardiovascular trials? A critical appraisal.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Mild therapeutic hypothermic protection activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to inhibit TRPM7 and suppress ferroptosis induced by myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury.Molecular medicine reports · 2024Article
- Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Elderly Patients: A Narrative Review through Decisional Crossroads.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundType 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) occurs because of an acute imbalance in myocardial oxygen supply and demand in the absence of atherothrombosis. Despite being frequently encountered in clinical practice, the population-based incidence and trends remain unknown, and the long-term outcomes are incompletely characterized.
methodsWe prospectively recruited residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, who experienced an event associated with a cardiac troponin T >99th percentile of a normal reference population (≥0.01 ng/mL) between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2012. Events were retrospectively classified into type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI, atherothombotic event), T2MI, or myocardial injury (troponin rise not meeting criteria for myocardial infarction [MI]) using the universal definition. Outcomes were long-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and recurrent MI. T2MI was further subclassified by the inciting event for supply/demand mismatch.
resultsA total of 5460 patients had at least one cardiac troponin T ≥0.01 ng/mL; 1365 of these patients were classified as index T1MI (age, 68.5±14.8 years; 63% male) and 1054 were classified as T2MI (age, 73.7±15.8 years; 46% male). The annual incidence of T1MI decreased markedly from 202 to 84 per 100 000 persons between 2003 and 2012 (
conclusionsThere has been an evolution in the type of MI occurring in the community over a decade, with the incidence of T2MI now being similar to T1MI. Mortality after T2MI is higher and driven by early and noncardiovascular death. The provoking mechanism of supply/demand mismatch affects long-term survival. These findings underscore the healthcare burden of T2MI and provide benchmarks for clinical trial design.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.