ArticleScience immunology2020
Human T cell response to CD1a and contact dermatitis allergens in botanical extracts and commercial skin care products.
Article in Science immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vitro Monitoring of Human T Cell Responses to Skin Sensitizing Chemicals-A Systematic Review.Cells · 2021Pooled it
- CD1a and Lipids as Mediators of T Cell Activation in the Skin.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Review
- Regulatory frameworks for fragrance safety in cosmetics: a global overview.Toxicological research · 2025Review
- Direct recognition of an intact foreign protein by an αβ T cell receptor.Nature communications · 2024Article
- A structural perspective of how T cell receptors recognize the CD1 family of lipid antigen-presenting molecules.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Review
- Functional and biological implications of clonotypic diversity among human donor-unrestricted T cells.Immunology and cell biology · 2024Review
- Protein Haptenation and Its Role in Allergy.Chemical research in toxicology · 2024Review
- Therapeutic efficacy of cinnamein, a component of balsam of Tolu/Peru, in controlled cortical impact mouse model of TBI.Neurochemistry international · 2024Article
- CD1a and skin T cells: a pathway for therapeutic intervention.Clinical and experimental dermatology · 2024Review
- Human Skin T Cells Express Conserved T-Cell Receptors that Cross-React with Staphylococcal Superantigens and CD1a.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2024Article
- Identification of Cinnamein, a Component of Balsam of Tolu/Peru, as a New Ligand of PPARα for Plaque Reduction and Memory Protection in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Risk perception and use of personal care products by race and ethnicity among a diverse population.UCL open. Environment · 2024Article
- Keratinocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles supply antigens for CD1a-resticted T cells and promote their type 2 bias in the context of filaggrin insufficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- CD1a and bound lipids drive T-cell responses in human skin disease.European journal of immunology · 2023Review
- CD1-mediated immune responses in mucosal tissues: molecular mechanisms underlying lipid antigen presentation system.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- CD1 displays its own negative regulators.Current opinion in immunology · 2023Review
- Cinnamein Inhibits the Induction of Nitric Oxide and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Macrophages, Microglia and Astrocytes.Journal of clinical & experimental immunology · 2023Article
- CD1a promotes systemic manifestations of skin inflammation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- The role of unconventional T cells in maintaining tissue homeostasis.Seminars in immunology · 2022Review
- Atypical sideways recognition of CD1a by autoreactive γδ T cell receptors.Nature communications · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
During industrialization, humans have been exposed to increasing numbers of foreign chemicals. Failure of the immune system to tolerate drugs, cosmetics, and other skin products causes allergic contact dermatitis, a T cell-mediated disease with rising prevalence. Models of αβ T cell response emphasize T cell receptor (TCR) contact with peptide-MHC complexes, but this model cannot readily explain activation by most contact dermatitis allergens, which are nonpeptidic molecules. We tested whether CD1a, an abundant MHC I-like protein in human skin, mediates contact allergen recognition. Using CD1a-autoreactive human αβ T cell clones to screen clinically important allergens present in skin patch testing kits, we identified responses to balsam of Peru, a tree oil widely used in cosmetics and toothpaste. Additional purification identified benzyl benzoate and benzyl cinnamate as antigenic compounds within balsam of Peru. Screening of structurally related compounds revealed additional stimulants of CD1a-restricted T cells, including farnesol and coenzyme Q2. Certain general chemical features controlled response: small size, extreme hydrophobicity, and chemical constraint from rings and unsaturations. Unlike lipid antigens that protrude to form epitopes and contact TCRs, the small size of farnesol allows sequestration deeply within CD1a, where it displaces self-lipids and unmasks the CD1a surface. These studies identify molecular connections between CD1a and hypersensitivity to consumer products, defining a mechanism that could plausibly explain the many known T cell responses to oily substances.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.