[Advances in newborn screening and immune system reconstitution of severe combined immunodeficiency].

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) is a group of rare congenital diseases characterized by severe deficiencies in T lymphocyte counts and/or function. The recurrent, persistent and severe infections are its clinical manifestations. Neonatal screening and immune system reconstruction would improve the prognosis of SCID children. Newborn screening programs based on T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) quantitative detection have been carried out in clinical practice, however, the methods still have some limitations. Other new methods such as mass spectrometry and T lymphocyte-specific biomarker assays are still under investigation. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy are the two main methods for reconstructing immune function in SCID children. Through improving the success rate of transplantation and the long-term safety and stability of viral vectors, some achievements have been made by many centers already. However, large-scale prospective studies are needed for evaluation of the long-term efficacy. In this article, the recent progress in newborn screening and immune reconstitution of SCID is reviewed.