Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31900410›Full record

Observational studySpinal cord2020

Prescription medication cost, insurance coverage, and cost-related nonadherence among people with spinal cord injury in Canada.

Shikha Gupta, Mary Ann McColl, Karen Smith, Sara J T Guilcher

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Spinal cord, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Observational
  4. Observational
  5. Prescribing for common complications of spinal cord injury.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2022
    Article
  6. Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2022
    Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shikha GuptaSchool of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. shikha.gupta@queensu.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5704-1618
Mary Ann McCollSchool of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Karen SmithDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Sara J T GuilcherLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9552-9139

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

designObservational cross-sectional study.

objectivesTo describe the most common prescription medications used and the extent of out-of-pocket cost, insurance coverage, and cost-related nonadherence (CRNA) for those medications by people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Canada.

settingCommunity in Canada.

methodsIt was an observational study wherein data were collected through a cross-sectional online survey from individuals living with an SCI in Canada. We used descriptive statistics to describe the extent of drug cost, insurance coverage and CRNA among study sample, and analytical statistics to find association of CRNA with sociodemographic, injury-related and medication-related characteristics of the sample.

resultsIndividuals with an SCI (n = 160) used an average of five medications and spent a median of $49 (interquartile range: $234.75) per month on their medications. More than 90% of participants had some form of drug insurance, though 37% reported CRNA. The most common medications that were forgone due to cost included opioids, antidepressants, and drugs for genitourinary and muscular spasms. Individuals with paraplegia and nontraumatic SCI had higher drug costs, though injury-related characteristics did not influence CRNA. Sex, monthly drug expenditure, and monthly additional healthcare costs were significantly associated with CRNA.

conclusionsPeople with SCIs are at risk of experiencing CRNA to their prescription medications despite having insurance coverage. Decision makers for the national pharmacare in Canada should account for their concerns judiciously.

Indexed as

Drug PrescriptionsHealth ExpendituresInsurance CoverageInsurance, Pharmaceutical ServicesPatient ComplianceAdultCanadaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSpinal Cord Injuries

Identifiers

PMID31900410

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.