ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
The effector mechanism of siRNA spherical nucleic acids.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spherical Nucleic Acids: Turning Synthetic Advances and Fundamental Discovery into Translational Breakthroughs in Chemistry, Materials Development, Biology, and Medicine.Accounts of chemical research · 2026Article
- Article
- Effectors of plants pathogenic fungi and fungal like microbes: a comprehensive review on mechanisms, roles, and host interactions.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Transforming Hairpin-like siRNA-Based Spherical Nucleic Acids into Biocompatible Constructs.ACS applied bio materials · 2023Article
- Review
- Preparation and Biological Properties of Oligonucleotide-Functionalized Virus-like Particles.Biomacromolecules · 2023Article
- In Vivo Behavior of Ultrasmall Spherical Nucleic Acids.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2023Article
- Silencing of proinflammatory NF-κB and inhibition of herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication by ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (2 nm) conjugated with small-interfering RNA.Nanoscale advances · 2022Article
- Controlling Intracellular Machinery via Polymer Pen Lithography Molecular Patterning.ACS central science · 2022Article
- Scavenger receptor-targeted plaque delivery of microRNA-coated nanoparticles for alleviating atherosclerosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Spherical Nucleic Acids as Precision Therapeutics for the Treatment of Cancer-From Bench to Bedside.Cancers · 2022Review
- Hairpin-like siRNA-Based Spherical Nucleic Acids.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022Article
- Spherical nucleic acids: Organized nucleotide aggregates as versatile nanomedicine.Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Strategies to deliver RNA by nanoparticles for therapeutic potential.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2022Review
- Synthesis of an Azide- and Tetrazine-Functionalized [60]Fullerene and Its Controlled Decoration with Biomolecules.ACS omega · 2022Article
- Innovative developments and emerging technologies in RNA therapeutics.RNA biology · 2022Article
- DNA Nanodevice-Based Drug Delivery Systems.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- DNA Dendrons as Agents for Intracellular Delivery.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2021Article
- Controlled Monofunctionalization of Molecular Spherical Nucleic Acids on a Buckminster Fullerene Core.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2021Article
- Gene Regulation Using Spherical Nucleic Acids to Treat Skin Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) are nanostructures formed by chemically conjugating short linear strands of oligonucleotides to a nanoparticle template. When made with modified small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes, SNAs act as single-entity transfection and gene silencing agents and have been used as lead therapeutic constructs in several disease models. However, the manner in which modified siRNA duplex strands that comprise the SNA lead to gene silencing is not understood. Herein, a systematic analysis of siRNA biochemistry involving SNAs shows that Dicer cleaves the modified siRNA duplex from the surface of the nanoparticle, and the liberated siRNA subsequently functions in a way that is dependent on the canonical RNA interference mechanism. By leveraging this understanding, a class of SNAs was chemically designed which increases the siRNA content by an order of magnitude through covalent attachment of each strand of the duplex. As a consequence of increased nucleic acid content, this nanostructure architecture exhibits less cell cytotoxicity than conventional SNAs without a decrease in siRNA activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.