ReviewJournal of translational medicine2020
Tumor microenvironment differences between primary tumor and brain metastases.
Review in Journal of translational medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 323 citations in OpenAlex.
- DEGRO guideline for personalized radiotherapy of brain metastases and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in patients with breast cancer.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2024Guideline
- Prognostic role of lymph node regression in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2024Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of the Anteroom (Vestibule) Area on Hospital Infection Control and Health Staff Safety: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Aggressive local therapy forOncology reports · 2023Trial
- DHHC3 interferes with antitumor immunity in melanoma cells.Oncotarget · 2026Article
- Future directions in the treatment of brain metastases: evaluating the role of cellular players in the tumour microenvironment.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Review
- Protocol for generation of brain metastasis mouse model using stereotactic intracranial tumor-derived cells and modified intracarotid injection.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Neurobiological pathways underlying brain tumor progression: basis for oncogenicity and opportunities for immunotherapeutic intervention.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Fluid Shear Stress Modulates Inflammation in Breast Cancer Microenvironment.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Chemokine Receptors in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Predictive Biomarkers for Immunotherapy Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- SPANXB1 drives brain metastasis in breast cancer via MMP1 regulation: potential therapeutic insights with metformin.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Hybrid Attention-Enhanced Xception and Dynamic Chaotic Whale Optimization for Brain Tumor Diagnosis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Breath Insights: Advancing Lung Cancer Early-Stage Detection Through AI Algorithms in Non-Invasive VOC Profiling Trials.Cancers · 2025Article
- Bayesian-Optimized Convolutional Neural Networks for Classifying Primary Tumor Origin of Brain Metastases from MRI.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- A Boolean network model of hypoxia, mechanosensing and TGF-β signaling captures the role of phenotypic plasticity and mutations in tumor metastasis.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Breaking boundaries: role of the brain barriers in metastatic process.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- Overexpression of CTLA-4 and fibronectin, and lower expression of CD137 (4-1BB) is associated with brain metastasis of primary skin melanomas. An analysis of local immune response by digital spatial profiling.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The role and clinical significance of tumor-associated macrophages in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- CD86 is linked to apoptosis in canine histiocytic sarcoma.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present review aimed to discuss contemporary scientific literature involving differences between the tumor microenvironment (TME) in melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer in their primary site and TME in brain metastases (BM). TME plays a fundamental role in the behavior of cancer. In the process of carcinogenesis, cells such as fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, natural killer cells, and other cells can perpetuate and progress carcinogenesis via the secretion of molecules. Oxygen concentration, growth factors, and receptors in TME initiate angiogenesis and are examples of the importance of microenvironmental conditions in the performance of neoplastic cells. The most frequent malignant brain tumors are metastatic in origin and primarily originate from lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. Metastatic cancer cells have to adhere to and penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). After traversing BBB, these cells have to survive by producing various cytokines, chemokines, and mediators to modify their new TME. The microenvironment of these metastases is currently being studied owing to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. In these three types of tumors, treatment is more effective in the primary tumor than in BM due to several factors, including BBB. Understanding the differences in the characteristics of the microenvironment surrounding the primary tumor and their respective metastasis might help improve strategies to comprehend cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.