ArticleJournal of health communication2020
Breadth of Media Scanning Leads to Vaping among Youth and Young Adults: Evidence of Direct and Indirect Pathways from a National Longitudinal Survey.
Article in Journal of health communication, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of vaping prevention campaign messages on cognitive and behaviorally proximal outcomes among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Social media exposure, school prevention, and adolescent vaping: a structural equation model-based secondary analysis of the Florida youth tobacco survey.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Associations between Interpersonal Communication, Perceived Norms, and E-Cigarette Use: The Moderating Role of Social Network Size.Addiction research & theory · 2025Article
- AI for Tobacco Control: Identifying Tobacco-Promoting Social Media Content Using Large Language Models.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- "Do all bisexuals have this power?": An exploratory study of "crippling nicotine addiction," identity, and other emergent themes in vaping messages on QueerTok.SSM. Qualitative research in health · 2024Article
- Electronic cigarette social norms among adolescents in New South Wales, Australia.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Examining indirect effects of advertising exposure on young adults' cannabis and nicotine vaping.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2023Article
- Scanned information exposure and support for tobacco regulations among US youth and young adult tobacco product users and non-users.Health education research · 2023Article
- How Does Social Media Exposure and Engagement Influence College Students' Use of ENDS Products? A Cross-lagged Longitudinal Study.Health communication · 2023Article
- The Effects of Tobacco Coverage in the Public Communication Environment on Young People's Decisions to Smoke Combustible Cigarettes.The Journal of communication · 2022Article
- Online E-Cigarette Information Exposure and Its Association with E-Cigarette Use among Adolescents in Shanghai, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Descriptive and Injunctive Norms Related to E-Cigarettes.Military medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Electronic cigarette use among youth and young adults has reached an epidemic proportion of growth. This study examined the direct and indirect effects of the breadth of media scanning about e-cigarette use on subsequent vaping behavior through interpersonal communication and changes in descriptive norm perceptions. We conducted a nationally representative longitudinal phone survey of 13- to 25-year-olds from June 2014 to March 2017, with 11,013 respondents who completed a baseline survey, among which 3,212 completed a follow-up 6 months later. The results from both cross-sectional and lagged analyses provided robust evidence to suggest that passive routine exposure to e-cigarette use content from more media outlets predicted increased likelihood of vaping among youth and young adults. High scanners were about twice as likely to vape as non-scanners (17% versus 9%). Mediation models using bootstrapping procedures found that breadth of scanning predicted higher descriptive norm perceptions which were associated with subsequent vaping; in addition, interpersonal communication mediated the relationship between breadth of scanning and changes in descriptive norm perceptions. These findings highlight the important roles of scanning, norm perceptions and interpersonal discussions in shaping cognition and behavior changes. The results also suggest an overall pro-e-cigarette public communication environment, which warrants further examination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.