Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31899939›Full record

ArticleVeterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association2020

Ultrasonographic findings associated with normal pregnancy and fetal well-being in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).

Marina Ivančić, Forrest M Gomez, Whitney B Musser, Ashley Barratclough, Jennifer M Meegan, Sophie M Waitt, Abraham Cárdenas Llerenas, Eric D Jensen, Cynthia R Smith

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Longitudinal Multimodal Monitoring of Eight Captive Beluga Whale (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Article
  2. Reproductive Science Methods for Marine Mammals.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Ultrasonographic findings associated with normal pregnancy and fetal well-being in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Marina IvančićChicago Zoological Society, Brookfield Zoo, Brookfield, Illinois.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-8926
Forrest M GomezNational Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California.
Whitney B MusserNational Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California.
Ashley BarratcloughNational Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California.
Jennifer M MeeganNational Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California.
Sophie M WaittUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Abraham Cárdenas LlerenasDolphin Adventure, Nuevo Vallarta, Mexico.
Eric D JensenUS Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, California.
Cynthia R SmithNational Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California.
National Marine Mammal Foundation · USCentro de Estudios Universitarios Arkos · MXChicago Zoological Society · USUnited States Department of the Navy · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative SA 16-17
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reproductive success is vital in sustaining free-ranging and managed bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) populations. Ultrasonography is an invaluable, non-invasive tool in assessing the fetomaternal unit in humans and animals, including dolphins and horses. The purpose of this prospective longitudinal cohort study was to develop a protocol for fetomaternal ultrasonographic monitoring in dolphins and to report normal measurements and descriptive findings correlated with a positive outcome. From 2010 to 2017, serial ultrasonographic evaluations of 12 healthy dolphins were performed over the course of 16 pregnancies. A total of 203 ultrasound examinations were included in the study. Several metrics were accurate in predicting fetal age. Fetal biparietal diameter (BPD), thoracic width in dorsal and transverse planes, thoracic height in a sagittal plane, aortic diameter, and blubber thickness all demonstrated high correlation with gestational age (r > 0.94, P < .00001). Regional uteroplacental thickness significantly increased with each trimester (range 0.22-0.40 cm; P < .00011 cranial uterus, P < .00057 mid, and P < .000011 caudal). Lung:liver mean pixel intensity was 2.57 ± 0.46 (95% confidence interval 2.47-2.67). Ultrasonographic characteristics of normal pregnancy in dolphins are described and an equation for prediction of parturition date in Tursiops is reported: days to parturition = 348.16 - (26.03 × BPD(cm)) (R

Indexed as

Bottle-Nosed DolphinPregnancy, AnimalAnimalsCohort StudiesFemaleFetal DevelopmentLongitudinal StudiesPregnancyProspective StudiesUltrasonography, PrenatalUterusdevelopmentfetusgestationmarine mammalultrasound

Identifiers

PMID31899939
PMCPMC7155047
OpenAlexW2997185004

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.