ArticleMolecular autism2020
Sex differences in brain structure: a twin study on restricted and repetitive behaviors in twin pairs with and without autism.
Article in Molecular autism, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain-based sex differences in autism spectrum disorder across the lifespan: A systematic review of structural MRI, fMRI, and DTI findings.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2021Pooled it
- Burden and inequality of autism spectrum disorders in global, East asian, and Southeast Asian regions, 1990-2021: result from the global burden of disease study 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Distinct early development trajectories in Nf1Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Article
- Morphometric Analysis of Neocortical and Infratentorial Structures: Genetic and Environmental Insights from a Twin Neuroanatomical Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Network changes associated with right anterior temporal lobe atrophy: insight into unique symptoms.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the flexibility of dynamic network reconfiguration of autism spectrum disorder based on multilayer network.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Article
- Decoding the genetic landscape of autism: A comprehensive review.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2024Article
- Differences in regional brain structure in toddlers with autism are related to future language outcomes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Whole-brain gray matter maturation trajectories associated with autistic traits from adolescence to early adulthood.Brain structure & function · 2024Article
- Brain-charting autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder reveals distinct and overlapping neurobiology.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Reduced brain connectivity along the autism spectrum controlled for familial confounding by co-twin design.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Sex-Related Changes in the Clinical, Genetic, Electrophysiological, Connectivity, and Molecular Presentations of ASD: A Comparison between Human and Animal Models of ASD with Reference to Our Data.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Measurement invariance of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) across sex in children with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2023Article
- Repetitive Restricted Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder: From Mechanism to Development of Therapeutics.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Evolution of the Autism Literature and the Influence of Parents: A Scientific Mapping in Web of Science.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Atypical Integration of Sensory-to-Transmodal Functional Systems Mediates Symptom Severity in Autism.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Atypical Neural Responses of Cognitive Flexibility in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Trends in Autism Research in the Field of Education in Web of Science: A Bibliometric Study.Brain sciences · 2020Review
- Documentary Analysis of the Scientific Literature on Autism and Technology in Web of Science.Brain sciences · 2020Review
- Common and unique multimodal covarying patterns in autism spectrum disorder subtypes.Molecular autism · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Females with autism spectrum disorder have been reported to exhibit fewer and less severe restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests compared to males. This difference might indicate sex-specific alterations of brain networks involved in autism symptom domains, especially within cortico-striatal and sensory integration networks. This study used a well-controlled twin design to examine sex differences in brain anatomy in relation to repetitive behaviors. Methods: In 75 twin pairs ( Results: Co-twin control analyses revealed within-pair associations between RRBI symptoms and increased thickness of the right intraparietal sulcus and reduced volume of the right orbital gyrus in females only, even though the mean number of RRBIs did not differ between the sexes. In a sub-sample of ASD-discordant pairs, increased thickness in association with RRBIs was found exclusively in females in the orbitofrontal regions, superior frontal gyrus, and intraparietal sulcus, while in males RRBIs tended to be associated with increased volume of the bilateral pallidum. Limitations: However, due to a small sample size and the small difference in RRBI symptoms within pairs, the results of this exploratory study need to be interpreted with caution. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that structural alterations of fronto-parietal networks in association with RRBIs are found mostly in females, while striatal networks are more affected in males. These results endorse the importance of investigating sex differences in the neurobiology of autism symptoms, and indicate different etiological pathways underlying restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests in females and males.
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