ArticleGastroenterology & hepatology2019
Etiology and Management of Lack or Loss of Response to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Article in Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Anti-IL-12/23p40 antibodies for induction of remission in Crohn's disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Genetic Variants Associated with Biological Treatment Response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of biologic therapies for moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Extended Induction and Prognostic Indicators of Response in Patients Treated with Mirikizumab with Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis in the LUCENT Trials.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2024Trial
- Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Ozanimod in Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: Results From the Open-Label Extension of the Randomized, Phase 2 TOUCHSTONE Study.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2021Trial
- A novel therapeutic regimen based on the constrained-disorder principles may improve the response to dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis: Findings from an exploratory feasibility open-label clinical trial.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Proactive Tight Monitoring of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Biological Therapy: A Controlled Clinical Study (TIME IT).Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Selective IL-23 inhibitors in ulcerative colitis: current evidence and perspectives for multimodal personalized treatment: a narrative review.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Reactive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Guides Optimal Management of Adalimumab Failure in Pediatric Crohn's Disease: A Real-World Single-Center Experience.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2026Article
- Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (Drp1) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Molecular Pathways Connecting Mitochondrial Dynamics with Intestinal Inflammation and Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A real-world observational study of second-line anti-TNFα treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis who received vedolizumab as a first-line biologic.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2026Article
- Loss of Response to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Therapy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Real-World Comparison of Combination Therapy Versus Monotherapy.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- A mathematical model to simulate the biological action of Infliximab on TNF-Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- Higher Anti-Drug Antibody Levels to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapies Are Associated with Treatment Failure in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Ustekinumab for the treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease: a multicentre retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Risankizumab vs Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study from Taiwan.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Finding appropriate timing for the combination of azathioprine and infliximab: propensity score matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Predictors of antitumor necrosis factor primary nonresponse and drug durability in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2025Article
- Annual Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease During Infliximab Maintenance Therapy: Balancing Efficacy with Risk of Pharmacokinetic Failure.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The management of patients with moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease was transformed with the arrival of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. Nevertheless, a considerable number of patients do not respond to anti-TNF induction therapy (primary nonresponse) or lose response to treatment over time after initially experiencing clinical improvement (secondary loss of response). Studies suggest that these outcomes are often due to inadequate drug concentrations. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a practical tool that can be used to better define the etiologies of and help manage primary nonresponse or secondary loss of response. Proactive TDM, or drug titration to a target trough concentration, can improve the efficacy of anti-TNF treatment and lead to favorable clinical outcomes. However, in patients with adequate anti-TNF drug concentrations and active disease, alternate pathways of inflammation (not driven by TNFa agents) are at play, and therapies with another mechanism of action should be employed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
31892912PMC6935028What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.