ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
The Evolving Protein Engineering in the Design of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances in molecular mechanisms to improve the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy for viral diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Applications of synthetic biology in biomedicine.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Research advances and application prospects of CAR-T therapy in the treatment of age-related diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advancing breast cancer treatment through dual targeting CAR T cell therapy.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Strategies for Altering Delivery Technologies to Optimize CAR Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Advances in engineered T cell immunotherapy for autoimmune and other non-oncological diseases.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Practical immunomodulatory landscape of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) therapy.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2024Review
- Rejuvenation Strategy for Inducing and Enhancing Autoimmune Response to Eliminate Senescent Cells.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- CAR-T lymphocyte-based cell therapies; mechanistic substantiation, applications and biosafety enhancement with suicide genes: new opportunities to melt side effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Advances in CAR-Engineered Immune Cell Generation: Engineering Approaches and Sourcing Strategies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Engineered hematopoietic and immune cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells.Experimental hematology · 2023Review
- Immunotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Literature Review of Emerging Strategies.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- From signalling pathways to targeted therapies: unravelling glioblastoma's secrets and harnessing two decades of progress.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Emerging approaches for preventing cytokine release syndrome in CAR-T cell therapy.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2022Review
- Recent findings on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered immune cell therapy in solid tumors and hematological malignancies.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Review
- To go or not to go? Biological logic gating engineered T cells.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Review
- Clinical application and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors for CAR-NK cell in tumor immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Structural details of monoclonal antibody m971 recognition of the membrane-proximal domain of CD22.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2021Article
- Allogeneic CAR T Cells: An Alternative to Overcome Challenges of CAR T Cell Therapy in Glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The clinical success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy in the treatment of haematological cancers has encouraged the extensive development of CAR design to improve their function and increase their applicability. Advancements in protein engineering have seen modifications to both the ecto- and endo-domains of the CAR, with recent designs targeting multiple antigens and including inducible elements. These developments are likely to play an important role in inducing effective CAR T cell responses in a solid tumour context, where clinical responses have not been effective to date. This review highlights the spectrum of novel strategies being employed in CAR design, including for example variations in targeting tumour antigens by utilising different ectodomain designs such as dual chain CARs, natural receptor or ligand-based CARs, and T cell receptor fusion constructs, and also reviews some of the innovative approaches to a "universal" CAR and various multi-antigen targeting CAR strategies. We also explore how choices in the endodomain impact CAR function and how these need to be considered in the overall CAR design.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.