ArticleBMC genomics2019
Genome sequencing of Mycobacterium pinnipedii strains: genetic characterization and evidence of superinfection in a South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens).
Article in BMC genomics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methods for Detecting Mycobacterial Mixed Strain Infections-A Systematic Review.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Pooled it
- Tuberculosis: An Ongoing Global Threat.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Detection of a Mixed-Strain Infection with Drug- and Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- First report of tuberculosis in a cat from Italy caused byFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Diversification of gene content in theMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Genomics insights into aFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- The rate and role of pseudogenes of theMicrobial genomics · 2022Article
- Geographically dispersed zoonotic tuberculosis in pre-contact South American human populations.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Genomics of Ancient Pathogens: First Advances and Prospects.Biochemistry. Biokhimiia · 2022Review
- Complete genome sequence of the kiwifruit bacterial canker pathogen Pseudomonas savastanoi strain MHT1.BMC microbiology · 2022Article
- Complete Genome Sequence Analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Novel alphaherpesvirus in a wild South American sea lion (Otaria byronia) with pulmonary tuberculosis.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2021Article
- Evaluation of PCRAfrican health sciences · 2021Article
- Stepwise pathogenic evolution ofScience (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Broad diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains isolated from humans and cattle in Northern Algeria suggests a zoonotic transmission cycle.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundMycobacterium pinnipedii, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC), is capable of infecting several host species, including humans. Recently, ancient DNA from this organism was recovered from pre-Columbian mummies of Peru, sparking debate over the origin and frequency of tuberculosis in the Americas prior to European colonization.
resultsWe present the first comparative genomic study of this bacterial species, starting from the genome sequencing of two M. pinnipedii isolates (MP1 and MP2) obtained from different organs of a stranded South American sea lion. Our results indicate that MP1 and MP2 differ by 113 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and 46 indels, constituting the first report of a mixed-strain infection in a sea lion. SNP annotation analyses indicate that genes of the VapBC family, a toxin-antitoxin system, and genes related to cell wall remodeling are under evolutionary pressure for protein sequence change in these strains. OrthoMCL analysis with seven modern isolates of M. pinnipedii shows that these strains have highly similar proteomes. Gene variations were only marginally associated with hypothetical proteins and PE/PPE (proline-glutamate and proline-proline-glutamate, respectively) gene families. We also detected large deletions in ancient and modern M. pinnipedii strains, including a few occurring only in modern strains, indicating a process of genome reduction occurring over the past one thousand years. Our phylogenomic analyses suggest the existence of two modern clusters of M. pinnipedii associated with geographic location, and possibly host species, and one basal node associated with the ancient M. pinnipedii strains. Previously described MiD3 and MiD4 deletions may have occurred independently, twice, over the evolutionary course of the MTBC.
conclusionThe presence of superinfection (i.e. mixed-strain infection) in this sea lion suggests that M. pinnipedii is highly endemic in this population. Mycobacterium pinnipedii proteomes of the studied isolates showed a high degree of conservation, despite being under genomic decay when compared to M. tuberculosis. This finding indicates that further genomes need to be sequenced and analyzed to increase the chances of finding variably present genes among strains or that M. pinnipedii genome remodeling occurred prior to bacterial speciation.
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