ArticleNutrients2019
Betulin Inhibits Lung Metastasis by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest, Autophagy, and Apoptosis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells.
Article in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D and human health: evidence from Mendelian randomization studies.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- The Inclusion of Dietary and Medicinal Mushrooms into Translational Oncology: Pros and Cons at the Molecular Level.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Salvianolic acid B inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of A549 lung cancer cells via miR-23a/PTEN/AKT pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Lipid metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer: Insights to mechanisms and therapeutics.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- Network pharmacology and experimental validation reveal that betulin alleviates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal injury by inhibiting intestinal senescence and enhances antitumor efficacy.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Article
- Neuroprotective Potential of Betulin and Its Drug Formulation with Cyclodextrin-In Vitro Assessment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A Review of Food Bioactives That Can Modulate miRNA Profiles for Management of Colorectal Cancer.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Role ofIranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- Inhibition of STRA6 suppresses NSCLC growth via blocking STAT3/SREBP-1c axis-mediated lipogenesis.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Article
- Emerging role of ferroptosis in ultraviolet radiation-driven skin photoaging: a narrative review.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress and Reprogramming of Lipid Metabolism in Cancers.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Role of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Translational oncology · 2025Review
- From Plant Based Therapy to Plant-Derived Vesicle-Like Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment: Past, Present and Future.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in lung cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- SREBP2 as a central player in cancer progression: potential for targeted therapeutics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Exploring the protective effect and molecular mechanism of betulin in Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation.Molecular medicine reports · 2024Article
- IL-32γ Induced Autophagy Through Suppression of MET and mTOR Pathways in Liver Tumor Growth Inhibition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor C Facilitates Malignant Behavior of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Regulating SREBP1 Mediated Lipid Metabolism.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Salvianolic acid B inhibits the growth and metastasis of A549 lung cancer cells through the NDRG2/PTEN pathway by inducing oxidative stress.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
- High glucose inhibits autophagy and promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the diseases with high prevalence and mortality worldwide. In particular, metastatic CRC shows low probability of surgery and lacks proper treatment. In this study, we conducted experiments to investigate the inhibitory effect of betulin against metastatic CRC and related mechanisms.
methodsWater-soluble tetrazolium assay was used to determine the effect of betulin on metastatic CRC cell viability. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assay were performed to confirm whether betulin can induce apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest. A lung metastasis mouse model was employed to estimate the anti-metastatic effect of betulin.
resultsbetulin decreased viability of metastatic CRC cells, including CT26, HCT116, and SW620 cell lines. Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR inactivation, betulin induced AMPK-mediated G0/G1 phase arrest and autophagy of CT26 and HCT116 cells. In addition, betulin occurred caspase-dependent apoptosis via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in metastatic CRC cells. Moreover, orally administered betulin significantly inhibited metastasis of CT26 cells to the lung.
conclusionOur results demonstrate the anti-metastatic effect and therapeutic potential of betulin in metastatic CRC treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.