ArticleBone reports2020
CXCR2 specific endocytosis of immunomodulatory peptide LL-37 in human monocytes and formation of LL-37 positive large vesicles in differentiated monoosteophils.
Article in Bone reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Apoptosis Modulation by LL-37: From Mitochondrial Cell Death to Prosurvival Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mesangiogenic progenitor cells: a mesengenic and vasculogenic branch of hemopoiesis? A story of neglected plasticity.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- A pilot study of healing critical-sized calvarial defects by LL-37-generated monoosteophils.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Cathelicidin boosts the antifungal activity of neutrophils and improves prognosis duringInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial peptides: mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential.Military Medical Research · 2021Review
- Significance of LL-37 on Immunomodulation and Disease Outcome.BioMed research international · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunomodulatory peptide cathelicidin/LL-37 induces human monocyte differentiation into a novel bone repair cell, the monoosteophil. We now demonstrate that LL-37 is endocytosed by monocytes over a period of 6 days producing large (10 × 2 μm), specialized LL-37 and integrin α3 positive vesicles. CXCR2, a membrane receptor previously associated with the binding of LL-37 to neutrophils, was co-endocytosed with LL-37 where both markers remained within the cytosol over a 16 h observation period. Endocytosis of LL-37 was mediated by a clathrin- and cavoelin/lipid raft-dependent pathway into early Rab5+ endosomes expressing APPL1 and EEA1. From 4 to 16 h, LL-37 vesicles co-localized with the Golgi, mitochondria, and to a lesser extent lysosomes and ER. By day 6, LL-37 was associated with large (>10 μm) vesicles, adjacent to Golgi, mitochondria, ER and lysosomes. LL-37 co-stained with integrin α3, tetraspanin CD9, GPI-linked CD59 and costimulatory molecule CD276 (B7-H3) in these vesicles. Continuous tracking of LL-37 with its associated vesicles over 6 days indicates that LL-37 is an extremely stable, membrane-associated peptide that plays a critical role in the differentiation of monocytes into monoosteophils.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.