ReviewJournal of immunology research2019
An Overview of the Intrinsic Role of Citrullination in Autoimmune Disorders.
Review in Journal of immunology research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Drivers of Developmental Arrest in the Human Preimplantation Embryo: A Systematic Review and Critical Analysis Leading to Mapping Future Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Shared Pathophysiology, Bidirectional Association, and Therapeutic Implications-A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Beyond PAD Inhibition: Emerging Avenues and Natural Products for Targeting Citrullination in Immune Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and modulates the inflammatory response.iScience · 2026Article
- Metabolites beyond metabolism: Exploring their atypical roles in protein modification and signaling transduction.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Molecular basis of post-translational neoantigen generation in rheumatoid arthritis: breaking immunological tolerance and implications for targeted therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Vimentin-NF-κB signaling contributing to IbeA-mediated adhesion, invasion, and biofilm formation duringFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Citrullination Accompanies the Development of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenic mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Metabolism-driven posttranslational modifications and immune regulation: Emerging targets for immunotherapy.Science advances · 2025Review
- AMF30a promotes survival and function of human corneal endothelial cells by regulating TGF-β/ROCK/HIPPO pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Placental Protein Citrullination Signatures Are Modified in Early- and Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Ferrostatin-1 reduces the inflammatory response of rheumatoid arthritis by decreasing the antigen presenting function of fibroblast-like synoviocytes.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Optogenetics with Atomic Precision─A Comprehensive Review of Optical Control of Protein Function through Genetic Code Expansion.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Citrullinated peptides as drug candidates for rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Impact of Protein Citrullination by Periodontal Pathobionts on Oral and Systemic Health: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Brain-Region-Specific Differences in Protein Citrullination/Deimination in a Pre-Motor Parkinson's Disease Rat Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Impact of Disease Severity on the Serum Levels of Significant Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) Proteins in Patients with Psoriasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A protein undergoes many types of posttranslation modification. Citrullination is one of these modifications, where an arginine amino acid is converted to a citrulline amino acid. This process depends on catalytic enzymes such as peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes (PADs). This modification leads to a charge shift, which affects the protein structure, protein-protein interactions, and hydrogen bond formation, and it may cause protein denaturation. The irreversible citrullination reaction is not limited to a specific protein, cell, or tissue. It can target a wide range of proteins in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria. Citrullination is a normal reaction during cell death. Apoptosis is normally accompanied with a clearance process via scavenger cells. A defect in the clearance system either in terms of efficiency or capacity may occur due to massive cell death, which may result in the accumulation and leakage of PAD enzymes and the citrullinated peptide from the necrotized cell which could be recognized by the immune system, where the immunological tolerance will be avoided and the autoimmune disorders will be subsequently triggered. The induction of autoimmune responses, autoantibody production, and cytokines involved in the major autoimmune diseases will be discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.