ArticleERJ open research2019
Systemic biomarkers in electronic cigarette users: implications for noninvasive assessment of vaping-associated pulmonary injuries.
Article in ERJ open research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory and Carcinogenic Biomarker Signatures in E-Cigarette Users: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of ∼24,000 Adults.International journal of public health · 2025Pooled it
- Chronic health effects associated with electronic cigarette use: A systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Lung Damage Caused by Heated Tobacco Products and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Nicotine-containing products and the cardiovascular system: mechanisms and global health implications.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Impact of e-cigarette vaping on the immune system across the body.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- To Vape or Not to Vape: Oral Health in the Age of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Pro-resolving lipid mediators in diseases: exploring the molecular basis and clinical implication.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Multisystem Toxicity of E-Cigarettes in Preclinical and Clinical Studies: Pathophysiologic Effects of E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposures from Head to Toe.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2026Review
- Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease (chILD) Associated With Toxic Chemical Inhalation Exposures: A State-of-the-Art Review.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Review
- Chronic Pod-Mod E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposure Induces Aortic Dysfunction in Hypercholesterolemic Mice: Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- From Fish Oil to Resolution: A Narrative Review on the Potential of SPM-Enriched Marine Oil for Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Recovery.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Electronic Cigarettes on Mouse Lungs Following Nose-Only Exposures.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Short-term effects of electronic cigarette smoking on cardiorespiratory parameters, volatile organic compounds and inflammatory markers.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- The impact of electronic cigarettes on airway epithelial barrier integrity in preclinical mouse model.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025Article
- Changes in Concentration of Selected Biomarkers of Exposure in Users of Classic Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Heated Tobacco Products-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- E-cigarettes are not associated with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome among US adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multi-Omics Assessment of Puff Volume-Mediated Salivary Biomarkers of Metal Exposure and Oxidative Injury Associated with Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Oxidized phospholipid and transcriptomic signatures of THC-related vaping associated lung injury.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Impact of E-Cigarettes on Oral Health-A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2024Review
- A Review of the Toxicity of Ingredients in e-Cigarettes, Including Those Ingredients Having the FDA's "Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)" Regulatory Status for Use in Food.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundElectronic cigarettes (e-cigs) were introduced as electronic nicotine delivery systems, and have become very popular in the USA and globally. There is a paucity of data on systemic injury biomarkers of vaping in e-cig users that can be used as a noninvasive assessment of vaping-associated lung injuries. We hypothesised that characterisation of systemic biomarkers of inflammation, anti-inflammatory, oxidative stress, vascular and lipid mediators, growth factors, and extracellular matrix breakdown may provide information regarding the toxicity of vaping in e-cig users.
methodsWe collected various biological fluids,
resultsThe plasma samples of e-cig users showed a significant increase in biomarkers of inflammation (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, interferon (IFN)-γ, matrix metalloproteinase-9, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1) and extracellular matrix breakdown (desmosine), and decreased pro-resolving lipid mediators (resolvin D
conclusionE-cig users have increased levels of biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, reduced pro-resolving anti-inflammatory mediators, and endothelial dysfunction, which may act as risk factors for increasing susceptibility to systemic diseases. The identified noninvasive biomarkers can be used for determining e-cig vaping-associated lung injuries, and for regulatory and diagnostic aspects of vaping in humans.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.