ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2020
Vaginal microbiome diversity and preterm birth: results of a nested case-control study in Peru.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis reveals the vaginal microbiome is a better predictor of earlier than later preterm birth.BMC biology · 2023Pooled it
- The vaginal microbiome and the risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Contribution ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Pooled it
- Longitudinal changes in the vaginal microbiome associate with spontaneous preterm birth: a focus on stability and specific taxa in a Chinese cohort.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Vaginal microbiome and preterm birth: Composition, mechanisms and microbiota‑directed therapies (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Implication of the Vaginal Microbiome in Female Infertility and Assisted Conception Outcomes.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Longitudinal cervicovaginal bacteriome and virome alterations associate with discordant shedding and ART duration in women living with HIV in Peru.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Characteristics of the vaginal microbiota associated with recurrent spontaneous preterm birth: a prospective cohort study.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- The Role of the Vaginal and Endometrial Microbiomes in Infertility and Their Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes in Light of Recent Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Vaginal Microbiome and Pregnancy Complications: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Analysis of Vaginal Microbiota Variations in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy and Their Correlation with Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- The Vaginal Microbiota of Pregnant Women Varies with Gestational Age, Maternal Age, and Parity.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Vaginal flora during pregnancy and subsequent risk of preterm birth or prelabor rupture of membranes: a nested case-control study from China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Article
- Vaginal microbiota in women with spontaneous preterm labor versus those with term labor in Kenya: a case control study.BMC microbiology · 2022Article
- Longitudinal study of the vaginal microbiome in pregnancies involving preterm labor.Fujita medical journal · 2022Article
- An Insight into Vaginal Microbiome Techniques.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Insights into epidemiologic assessments of the microbiome and challenges in identifying microbiome relationships with adverse pregnancy outcomes.Current epidemiology reports · 2021Article
- Limitations of 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing to CharacterizeFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposePreterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal mortality. The vaginal microbiome is associated with PTB, but results vary across racial/ethnic populations. Some evidence suggests gestational age affects this association. We investigated these associations in a novel population, conducting a post hoc analysis assessing if associations differed between women swabbed at different gestational ages.
methodsWe compared vaginal microbiomes from women with PTB (n = 25) to a random sample of women with term births (n = 100) among participants in the Pregnancy Outcomes, Maternal and Infant Study, conducted in Lima, Peru. Using DADA2, we identified taxa from 16S DNA sequencing and used Dirichlet multinomial mixture models to group into community state types (CSTs).
resultsIf gestational age at sampling was not considered, no CST (diverse, Lactobacillus-dominated or Lactobacillus iners-dominated), was associated with PTB. Among women sampled before 12 weeks' gestation, women with Lactobacillus-dominated CSTs were less likely to have a PTB than those with a diverse CST. Among those swabbed between 12 and 16 weeks' gestation, the reverse was true.
conclusionsOur study supports previous literature suggesting that what constitutes a healthy vaginal microbiome varies by race/ethnicity. Longitudinal studies are necessary to disentangle effects of vaginal microbiome differences over gestation.
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Registered trials
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